The audit for the improvement of quality in health is a systematic and continuous element of evaluation and improvement of the quality observed with respect to the expected quality of the care received by users; The Colombian political constitution establishes the right to health as fundamental, that is, inherent to people and mandatory. This monograph seeks to compile the available documentary information on the role of health auditing in the quality assurance system and the protection of users' rights; For this purpose, a systematic review of scientific documents was carried out in two successive phases: heuristics or search and selection and the hermeneutics known as assimilation or writing of the texts by the authors. Little documentary material was obtained in which this important topic is addressed, which makes this area a wide field for future research. For the audit against the quality assurance system and user rights to be effective, it must be considered as a valuable tool not only in terms of correction but also prevention, as more audit processes are carried out, it will decrease the probability of making mistakes, which impact both isolated institutional aspects and the life cycle of the person who accesses a health service.