Monitoreo y evaluación de prácticas culturales y fitosanitarias en el cultivo de banano (Musa AAA) tipo Cavendish en Carepa, Antioquia

Abstract

Bananas are a staple in the diets of millions of people around the world and are vital for food security, in addition, they represent a valuable source of income, jobs and social development in the regions. However, the production is severely affected by the attacks of pests and diseases, which represent the main limiting factor in the production in the massive production of this tropical fruit. Therefore, it is necessary to implement integrated management strategies in banana cultivation that help minimize losses. Taking the above as a reference, the internship report was proposed, which aimed to accompany the Monitoring and evaluation of the management practices of the Cavendish-type banana crop (Musa AAA) at the Velero farm in Carepa, Antioquia. Cultural and sanitary work in the Cavendish-type banana cultivation was followed for 5 months at the Velero farm in the municipality of Carepa (Antioquia). In each lot of the farm, a visual inspection was carried out of the tasks of topping, surgery, deslamine, leaf removal, identification, tying and retying, deflowering, starting, stripping, weeding and fertilization. In addition, monitoring of insects, weeds and evaluation of disease incidence were carried out. The results showed that the timely performance of work monitoring will improve the quality in the performance of the work by the operators and by increasing the productive conditions of the plantation. Regarding phytosanitary management, the farm did not have an adequate system for the prevention and management of moko, which was reflected in the levels of incidence of the disease (10.95%) in some lots. Therefore, measures were implemented to mitigate the spread of the disease. Regarding pests, the presence of the insect Ceramidia viridis was found, although at very low levels (# adults / trap), which was managed in a timely manner by monitoring traps and the application of products was not necessary due to the low population. Of the insect. Within the cultivation work, it was found that during the weeding the operators did not bend the trunk and did not eliminate regrowth, errors that were very common in the lots. Based on the above, we can say that all the pertinent tasks for the proper management of the plantations were carried out, taking into account the indications given by the administration and improving the shortcomings found in the activities carried out by the operators.