Cuidado de enfermería en niños y adolescentes con cáncer revisión integradora

Abstract

The current integrating revision includes articles published about nursing care of children and adolescents with cancer, from the year 2016 to 2020. Objectives:To describe the published scientific evidence on nursing care in children and adolescents with cancer, within the past five years. Methodology: An integrating revision of literature of published articles, in english, spanish and portuguese. A research on the following databases: Lilacs, ProQuest, PubMed and ScienceDirect, selecting 16 articles that followed the inclusion criteria. Results: In those investigations the qualitative investigation prevailed, and most of them were run in Brazil. The subjects that came up from the analysis were put together in four categories: educational care, emotional support, assistential care, and care administration, being the latter two the most researched. The educative interventions reflect the importance of offering knowledge for self care of children and adolescents with cancer; the assistential activities are aimed to the control of secondary symptoms of the disease and the oncological treatments; the strategies for the emotional support are applied to patients and their families, including active listening, therapeutic touch, recreation and motivation to generate optimism and hope. The deficit on material and human resources, as the lack of communication and teamwork, are presented as challenges on nursing care administration, in institutions serving children and adolescents with cancer. Conclusions: The study on nursing care of children and adolescents with cancer, has been approached from diverse perspectives, focusing on comprehensive care of the patient as someone with physical, emotional, familiar and social needs, on a permanent search of wellbeing as a final aim of care.