Evaluación de la dinámica espacio temporal del proceso de salinización en el corregimiento de La Doctrina, Córdoba mediante métodos estadísticos e hidrogeoquímicos

Abstract

Within the processes of soil degradation, salinization has been defined as one of the most important in the territory. To study this phenomenon, it was necessary to use the hydrogeochemical and tools to describe the composition of spatial and temporal variability of groundwater, allowing us to simulate chemical reactions and transport processes. In the areas deltaico-estuarine, the process of salinization and/or sodification occurs due to natural causes and bad farming techniques, therefore, this research evaluated the spatial-temporal dynamics of this process in the area deltaico-estuary of the river Sinu according to methods hidrogeoquímicos and statistical. Through the analysis of the data using hydrochemical diagrams, it was found that the waters are generally classified as sodium chlorinated and the dominant hydrogeochemical processes were identified, where evaporation and ion exchange are those that control the dynamics of the system. With the use of statistical analyses, it was deduced that chloride and sodium ions were strongly related. Through the modeling, it was obtained that the main salt present in the area is MgSO4, followed by NaCl since they presented the highest concentrations, with the isoconcentration maps of salts, it was observed that the northeast area of the flood plane is the most affected by the salinity process. The mineralogical species that generate increased salinity due to being modeled as subsaturated phases are halite, epsomite, mirabilite, nahcolite and thenardite.