Enfoque STEM y su contribución a la educación química escolar desde la resolución de problemas contextuales asociados al concepto de mezclas y disoluciones en el colegio La Salle, Montería

Abstract

Education in Colombia has been constantly changing over time, rethinking its methodologies and approaches to promote teaching and learning according to the contextual and educational needs. This research paper is part of the Master's degree work in Didactics of Natural Sciences at the University of Cordoba - Colombia. The general objective was to analyze the (STEM) approach and its contribution in school chemistry education at La Salle School, Monteria, towards the resolution of contextual problems through the implementation of a Didactic Tutor Module (DTM). To achieve this purpose, three methodological phases were proposed: The first one consisted of characterizing the scientific production regarding the (STEM) approach and a possible relationship with the teaching of chemistry from the contextual problem solving within the national and international framework in the decade 2014 - 2021 [In press]. In the second phase, a qualitative study was used to identify the curricular links in the La Salle school, Monteria and ministerial on the teaching of (STEM) disciplines in terms of contextual problem solving. The results show that in the chemistry curriculum, the attempt to homogenize and parcel out the learning process prevails, neglecting individualities and addressing staggered curriculum contents, with high abstraction and without context. In the third phase, these findings were interpreted to design, implement and evaluate a Didactic Tutor Module (DTM) integrated to the (STEM) approach to promote inquiry in contextualized chemical education in terms of contextual problem solving. In conclusion, a decisive factor for implementing didactic and pedagogical improvements that promote not only disciplinary aspects, but also formative and motivational aspects is the homogenization and curricular disarticulation that hinders an adequate teaching and learning of chemistry applied to contextual problem solving.