Publicación:
Análisis de microplásticos en el tracto digestivo de holothuria grisea selenka, 1867 (echinodermata: holothuriidae) en el sur del golfo de Morrosquillo, Colombia

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dc.contributor.advisorNisperuza Pérez, Carlos Andrés
dc.contributor.advisorAycardi Morinelli, María Paulina
dc.contributor.authorRamos Roqueme, Mayerlis
dc.contributor.juryQuiros Rodríguez, Jorge Alexander
dc.contributor.juryMogollón Arismendy, Martha
dc.date.accessioned2025-07-18T12:46:59Z
dc.date.available2025-07-18T12:46:59Z
dc.date.issued2025-07-15
dc.description.abstractEn las últimas décadas los desechos plásticos han sido reconocidos como contaminantes marinos emergentes de gran importancia debido a su fragmentación y acumulación en todos los ecosistemas del mundo. Una fracción particular de este tipo de contaminantes, son los microplásticos (partículas de plástico con tamaño entre 5 mm a 1 µm). Las especies bentónicas pueden ser las más impactadas por el consumo de estas partículas dado que, debido a su densidad pueden descender en los cuerpos de agua y almacenarse en el sedimento gracias a su lenta degradación, lo que las hace accesibles para diferentes especies marinas que se alimentan por filtración o de sedimentos como es el caso de Holothuria grisea, lo cual puede representar un primer paso desde la red de detritos hacia la red trófica en ecosistemas marinos poco profundos. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar los microplásticos presentes en el tracto digestivo de H. grisea en el sur del golfo de Morrosquillo, Colombia. Para esto, se diseccionaron 20 individuos recolectados en el sector La Ahumadera, a los cuales se extrajo el tracto digestivo para su digestión con H2O2 al 30% filtrado. Los microplásticos se extrajeron utilizando una solución hipersalina de NaCl y se filtraron con papel filtro de microfibra de vidrio (1,2 µm) mediante filtración al vacío. La identificación de los microplásticos se realizó en función de las características físicas (color, forma, tamaño) y la caracterización química utilizando espectroscopia infrarroja para grupos funcionales de polímeros. Se encontró un total de 5.626 microplásticos, donde los colores transparente y azul fueron los más frecuentes con un 57,09% y 29,06% respectivamente, mientras que el color naranja fue el menos abundante con 0,12%. En cuanto a forma, las fibras fueron las más predominantes (92,23%) y los pellets las de menor frecuencia (0,16%).spa
dc.description.abstractIn recent decades, plastic debris has been recognized as an emerging marine pollutant of great importance due to its fragmentation and accumulation in all the world's ecosystems. A particular fraction of this type of pollutant is microplastics (plastic particles ranging in size from 5 mm to 1 µm). Benthic species may be the most impacted by the consumption of these particles since, due to their density, they can descend into water bodies and be stored in the sediment thanks to their slow degradation. This makes them accessible to different marine species that feed by filtration or on sediments, such as Holothuria grisea, which may represent a first step from the detritus network to the trophic web in shallow marine ecosystems. This research aimed to analyze the microplastics present in the digestive tract of H. grisea in the southern Gulf of Morrosquillo, Colombia. For this purpose, 20 individuals collected in the La Ahumadera sector were dissected, and their digestive tracts were removed for digestion with filtered 30% H2O2. Microplastics were extracted using a hypersaline NaCl solution and filtered through glass microfiber filter paper (1.2 µm) by vacuum filtration. Microplastics were identified based on physical characteristics (color, shape, size) and chemical characterization using infrared spectroscopy for polymer functional groups. A total of 5,626 microplastics were found, with transparent and blue being the most frequent colors (57.09% and 29.06% respectively), while orange was the least abundant at 0.12%. Regarding shape, fibers were the most predominant (92.23%) and pellets the least frequent (0.16%).eng
dc.description.degreelevelPregrado
dc.description.degreenameBiólogo(a)
dc.description.modalityTrabajos de Investigación y/o Extensión
dc.description.tableofcontents1. RESUMEN 12
dc.description.tableofcontents2. ABSTRACT 14
dc.description.tableofcontents3. INTRODUCCIÓN 15
dc.description.tableofcontents4. OBJETIVOS 18
dc.description.tableofcontents4.1. Objetivo general 18
dc.description.tableofcontents4.2. Objetivos específicos 18
dc.description.tableofcontents5. MARCO TEÓRICO 19
dc.description.tableofcontents5.1. ¿Qué son los microplásticos? 19
dc.description.tableofcontents5.1.1. Clasificación de los microplásticos 19
dc.description.tableofcontents5.2. Caracterización de microplásticos 20
dc.description.tableofcontents5.3. Ingestión de microplásticos en animales marinos 21
dc.description.tableofcontents5.4. Microplásticos y contaminantes asociados 22
dc.description.tableofcontents5.6. Clase Holothuroidea 23
dc.description.tableofcontents5.7. Holothuria grisea Selenka, 1867 24
dc.description.tableofcontents5.7.1. Clasificación taxonómica de H. grisea. 25
dc.description.tableofcontents5.7.2. Bioecología de Holothuria grisea 25
dc.description.tableofcontents6. ESTADO DEL ARTE 26
dc.description.tableofcontents7. METODOLOGÍA 29
dc.description.tableofcontents7.1 Recolección de los organismos 29
dc.description.tableofcontents7.2. Fase de campo 30
dc.description.tableofcontents7.3. Fase de laboratorio 30
dc.description.tableofcontents7.4. Análisis de datos 32
dc.description.tableofcontents8. RESULTADOS Y DISCUSIÓN 34
dc.description.tableofcontents8.1. Abundancia de microplásticos 34
dc.description.tableofcontents8.2. Clasificación de microplásticos según su color 36
dc.description.tableofcontents8.3. Clasificacion de microplásticos según su forma 38
dc.description.tableofcontents8.4. Clasificación de microplásticos según su tamaño. 40
dc.description.tableofcontents8.5. Caracterización química de los microplásticos encontrados en el tracto digestivo de Holothuria grisea. 43
dc.description.tableofcontents8.6. Relación de la abundancia de microplásticos con algunas medidas morfométricas de Holothuria grisea. 48
dc.description.tableofcontents9. CONCLUSIONES 54
dc.description.tableofcontents10. RECOMENDACIONES 56
dc.description.tableofcontents11. BIBLIOGRAFÍA 57
dc.description.tableofcontents12. ANEXOS 69
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad de Córdoba
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Universidad de Córdoba
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unicordoba.edu.co
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unicordoba.edu.co/handle/ucordoba/9379
dc.language.isospa
dc.publisherUniversidad de Córdoba
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Ciencias Básicas
dc.publisher.placeMontería, Córdoba, Colombia
dc.publisher.programBiología
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.rights.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subject.keywordsColombian Caribbeaneng
dc.subject.keywordsHoluturiidaeng
dc.subject.keywordsMicroplasticseng
dc.subject.keywordsDigestive tracteng
dc.subject.proposalCaribe colombianospa
dc.subject.proposalHoluturiidaspa
dc.subject.proposalMicroplásticosspa
dc.subject.proposalTracto digestivospa
dc.titleAnálisis de microplásticos en el tracto digestivo de holothuria grisea selenka, 1867 (echinodermata: holothuriidae) en el sur del golfo de Morrosquillo, Colombiaspa
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Pregrado
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa
dc.type.contentText
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dspace.entity.typePublication
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