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Examinando A.A.A. Trabajos de Investigación y/o Extensión por Autor "Campo Arana, Rodrigo Orlando"
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Publicación Embargo Evaluación de la efectividad de dos tratamientos para el manejo de Rhizoctonia spp y Cylindrocladium spp, en sustrato para la producción de eucalipto (Eucalyptus urograndis)(Reforestadora del Sinú, 2022-02-25) Ruiz Díaz, Mariana; Campo Arana, Rodrigo OrlandoEucalyptus is a plant that is found all over the world, due to its rapid growth, this is a kind of industrial use for the production of paper, wood, obtaining chemicals and as an ornament. In nursery eucalyptus (Eucalyptus urograndis) production, the death of seedlings associated with the pathogens Rhizoctonia spp. and Cylindrocladium spp. causing losses by causing seedling death. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of two treatments to the production substrate of eucalyptus (Eucalyptus urograndis) for the management of Rhizoctonia sp. and Cylindrocladium sp., for 55 days in the months of November and December 2019 in the La Ribera nursery located in Jaraquiel (Montería-Córdoba). Two treatments were evaluated (Solarization and solarization plus Dazomet). Before being treated, the substrates were inoculated with wood segments previously colonized with Rhizoctonia and Cylindrocladium, which were buried in the substrate at 3 different depths (5, 10 and 15 cm). At 15, 30 and 55 days after starting the experiment, samples were taken from both the substrate and the timbers colonized with Rhizoctonia and Cylindrocladium and the effect of the treatments with the presence or absence of the phytopathogens that affect eucalyptus was determined. The incidence of pathogens was evaluated with dichotomous variables, values 0 = absence and 1 = presence. A non-parametric statistic was performed where ranges were assigned to the values which were analyzed under a CA design in a 2x3x3 factorial arrangement; 2 = isolated; 3 depths and 3 treatments, with 5 repetitions, the results showed total control for Cylindrocladium spp. and Rhizoctonia spp. in the solarization treatment plus Dazomet, both in the substrate and in the timbers colonized with these fungi. In the free exposure and solarization treatments, there was no control of the phytopathogens inoculated on the 17 substrates. It is concluded that for treatment of the substrate thePublicación Acceso abierto Identificación del agente causal de la marchitez vascular del eucalipto, Eucalyptus urograndis en el departamento de Córdoba(2022-01-24) Martínez Estrada, Luisa Fernanda; Campo Arana, Rodrigo Orlando; Urango Esquivel, Naudith; Reforestadora del SinúThe bacterial or vascular wilt MV, of eucalyptus, caused by R. solanacearum, is a disease that affects the production in the different phenological phases of the plant, being reported as a limitation in the production of seedlings in the nursery and also responsible for the death of trees in field. The objective of the research was to identify the causal agent of eucalyptus vascular wilt, Eucalyptus urograndis in the department of Córdoba. In the first phase of this study, samples of infected plants were taken in the field, which were placed in humid chambers for 72 hours and the exudate that appeared from the samples was sown in semi-selective TZC and SMSA media. Six isolates with watery-looking and reddish colonies were obtained, they were purified and KOH, Gram stain and oxidase tests were performed. These were subjected to a hypersensitivity test in non-host tobacco plants (Nicotina tabacum) by inoculating them with a concentration of 108 cfu / ml of R. solanacearum, in the same way pathogenicity tests were carried out in the host plant E. urograndis, clone 14 susceptible to MV. For each isolate, five plants were inoculated and the control was inoculated with distilled water. The inoculation was carried out on the stem 5 cm above its base, depositing 0.5 ml of the bacterial solution at the previously evaluated concentration (108ufc / ml), then the wound was covered with cotton and sealed with parafilm. Destructive sampling was carried out at 104 days post inoculation, to describe external and internal symptoms, of the six isolates, two caused pathogenicity, in eucalyptus and hypersensitivity in tobacco, these two isolates were characterized by PCR and identified as strain 1 and strain 2. A second experiment was established where the resistance of 14 clones of the cultivar E. urograndis susceptible to vascular wilt was determined, taking as reference clone 14. For each clone there were five plants of which two were inoculated with the strain 1, two with strain 2 and one plant with distilled water as a control. The inoculation was carried out with the methodology and concentration described above. The monitoring of symptoms in the different clones was carried out every two days for 50 days; finally, 54 days after inoculation, a destructive sampling was carried out, the external and internal symptoms of the inoculated stems were described, evaluating the vascular infection. The presence of bacterial vascular involvement was determined by the flow test in a test tube with water. Finally, to verify the presence of the inoculated bacteria, fragments of the stems with symptoms were placed in humid chambers, the bacterial exudate produced was seeded in the TZC medium and the respective Gram and oxidase tests were carried out. A qualitative analysis was carried out comparing microbiological and molecular characteristics of the isolates, in addition the degree of damage was evaluated using the proposed scale, which allowed classifying the level of damage caused by the six strains in clone 14. In conclusion, the capacity of the six isolates to cause vascular damage in clone 14, highly susceptible and two of them were identified as strains by means of the PCR technique as R. solanacearum, which were evaluated in 14 clones, where all showed susceptibility to vascular wilt , concluding that the phytosanitary risk that this bacterium represents in eucalyptus, which must be taken into account when implementing disease management plans.