Autocuidado en personas con insuficiencia cardíaca. Montería, 2022

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the self-care index of people with heart failure hospitalized in a health institution in the city of Montería-Córdoba in the second semester of 2022. Methodology: Descriptive, cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach. The population corresponded to a total of 39 patients with Heart Failure who were admitted to the study scenario institution during the months of August, September and October 2022. The Self-care of heart failure index 7.2 instrument by Bárbara Riegel was applied, in a version Spanish. The data were analyzed according to descriptive statistics. Throughout the study, the ethical criteria of the research were met. Results: The mean score of the self-care index was low in the three dimensions: maintenance of self-care [Mean 51: SD 18], perception of symptoms [Mean 41: SD 17] and self-care management [Mean 76: SD 14]. Among the actions that determined the low score are: Little adherence to the low-sodium diet, little physical activity, lack of a system to remember medication consumption on time, recognition and recording of symptoms, lack of limitation to the low sodium diet, excessive fluid intake I have to investigate and recognize the symptoms. Conclusions: The mean score of the self-care index was low in all the participants, which is reflected in the presence of hospital admissions, with stage B prevailing and the most common symptoms edema and dyspnea. Therefore, it is recommended to evaluate the self-care index to provide individual education regarding the dimensions of self-care maintenance, symptom perception and self-care management, taking into account the patient's need and relying on the confidence that they demonstrated according to the study.