Comparativo del estado del arte de la seguridad y salud en el trabajo de Colombia con el contexto internacional

Abstract

Safety and Health at Work is the discipline in charge of the prevention of accidents and diseases caused by working conditions, their promotion, protection and maintenance of the physical, mental and social well-being of workers and their families, in order to minimize or eliminate risk factors and conditions that endanger safety and health at work. (DECREE 1443, 2014) With the issuance of Law 1562 of 2012, the system of occupational hazards in Colombia was modified, the concept of occupational health was changed for safety and health at work to be in tune with the denomination in the international context, later regulatory standards were issued that established the obligation to design and implement an occupational health and safety management system in companies, which is a process based on continuous improvement with the aim of anticipating, recognizing, evaluating and controlling the risks that may affect the occupational health and safety. The research is of a documentary type and its general objective was to carry out a comparative analysis of occupational safety and health in Colombia with the international context, obtaining the results that are presented in this monograph, namely: In relation to international laws, Colombia is at an intermediate level, its management system allows it to comply with the requirement of safe work, although it is a little behind other countries such as the United States, which its internationally known OSHA law has allowed Colombia regulate aspects related to work in confined spaces or like Spain, with its laws on its centralization, disclosure and control or with British standards, which gave rise to the Occupational Health and Safety Management System. 13 Compared to other countries such as Uruguay, which is a Latin American country like Colombia, its regulation, implementation and monitoring of policies are more backward and less decentralized, its regulations are outdated and its policies do not cover the real needs of the country.