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Desarrollo ontogénico post-metamórfico y análisis morfométrico de la estrella frágil Hemipholis Cordifera Bosc, 1802 (Echinodermata Ophiuroidea)

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dc.audience
dc.contributor.advisorNisperuza Pérez, Carlos Andrés
dc.contributor.authorLondoño Montes, Nixon
dc.contributor.juryEscobar Yepes, Juan
dc.contributor.juryAycardi Morinelly, Maria Paulina
dc.date.accessioned2025-07-21T20:19:52Z
dc.date.available2026-07-21
dc.date.available2025-07-21T20:19:52Z
dc.date.issued2025-07-20
dc.description.abstractHemipholis cordifera es una especie de ofiuroideo perteneciente a la familia Ophiactidae registrada en el Atlántico, que puede encontrarse asociada a arrecifes de coral, esponjas, fondos fangosos, arenosos, rocosos y algas a profundidades entre 1 y 18 m. En general, la identificación de esta especie se ha basado en organismos adultos y no existen registros de posibles cambios en su morfología durante su crecimiento. Por otro lado, H. cordifera tiene semejanzas morfológicas con otras especies, principalmente del género Amphiodia, lo que podría dificultar su correcta identificación taxonómica. El presente estudio proporciona descripciones morfológicas y morfométricas de los estadios post-metamórficos de 150 organismos de H. cordifera a partir de muestras recolectadas en el Caribe colombiano. A cada individuo se le midieron 15 características anatómicas y con base en el diámetro del disco, se establecieron intervalos de talla. Se brindan datos cuantitativos sobre cada medida anatómica considerando el tamaño de los organismos. Los datos morfométricos se ajustaron a una ecuación de potencia para detectar el grado de alometría en el crecimiento de los caracteres anatómicos. También se obtuvieron microestructuras de la sección proximal del brazo de especímenes en diferentes estadios para su observación en un SEM. El diámetro del disco de H. cordifera varió entre 1,97 y 7,25 mm y se establecieron tres intervalos de talla: juveniles (1,97-3,73 mm), etapa intermedia (3,73 -5,53 mm) y adultos (5,54-7,27 mm). La relación entre la longitud del brazo (LB) y el diámetro del disco (DD) en Hemipholis cordifera presentó un crecimiento alométrico negativo (k = 0,47), lo que indica un desarrollo más rápido de los brazos en comparación con el disco. Los valores bajos de LB/DD observados sugieren un estilo de vida de superficie o epifaunal. Además, las 14 relaciones morfométricas establecidas presentaron crecimiento alométrico negativo. El Índice de Asimetría reveló que, en cuanto a la longitud, el 76% de los organismos tienen los escudos radiales simétricos, mientras que en el 19% y el 5% presentaron asimetría sesgada a la derecha e izquierda respectivamente. Por otro lado, teniendo en cuenta la serie de crecimiento de la especie, las estructuras que sufren cambios a lo largo del desarrollo ontogénico post-metamórfico son: placas primarias, escudos radiales, placas dorsales y ventrales de los brazos y el análisis detallado de las microestructuras revelo cambios en las vértebras, que incluyen variaciones en el área muscular, dorso muscular y quilla entre organismos juveniles y adultos. Estos hallazgos constituyen el primer acercamiento detallado al desarrollo post-metamórfico de H. cordifera desde una perspectiva morfológica y morfométrica. Los resultados no solo contribuyen al conocimiento de la ontogenia en ofiuros, sino que también ofrecen nuevas herramientas para su identificación taxonómica, resaltando la necesidad de considerar las variaciones asociadas al crecimiento en estudios sistemáticos. Asimismo, aportan elementos clave para futuras investigaciones sobre ecología funcional, evolución morfológica y filogenia en la familia Ophiactidae.spa
dc.description.abstractHemipholis cordifera is a species of ophiuroid belonging to the family Ophiactidae, recorded in the Atlantic Ocean. It can be found associated with coral reefs, sponges, muddy, sandy, and rocky bottoms, as well as algae, at depths ranging from 1 to 18 meters. In general, the identification of this species has been based on adult specimens, and there are no records of possible morphological changes throughout its growth. Moreover, H. cordifera shows morphological similarities with other species, mainly within the genus Amphiodia, which may hinder its correct taxonomic identification. This study provides morphological and morphometric descriptions of the post-metamorphic stages of 150 H. cordifera individuals, based on samples collected in the Colombian Caribbean. Fifteen anatomical characteristics were measured for each individual, and size classes were established based on disk diameter. Quantitative data were provided for each anatomical trait in relation to the organism's size. Morphometric data were fitted to a power equation to determine the degree of allometric growth of the anatomical traits. Additionally, microstructures of the proximal section of the arm were examined in different stages using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The disk diameter of H. cordifera ranged from 1.97 to 7.25 mm, and three size classes were established: juveniles (1.97–3.73 mm), intermediate stage (3.73–5.53 mm), and adults (5.54–7.27 mm). The relationship between arm length (AL) and disk diameter (DD) showed negative allometric growth (k = 0.47), indicating faster development of the arms compared to the disk. The low AL/DD values suggest an epifaunal or surface-dwelling lifestyle. Furthermore, the 14 established morphometric relationships also showed negative allometric growth. The Asymmetry Index revealed that, in terms of length, 76% of the individuals had symmetrical radial shields, while 19% and 5% exhibited right- and left-biased asymmetry, respectively. Additionally, based on the species' growth series, the structures that undergo changes throughout post-metamorphic ontogenetic development include: primary plates, radial shields, dorsal and ventral arm plates. A detailed analysis of microstructures revealed changes in the vertebrae, including variations in muscle area, muscle dorsum, and keel between juvenile and adult specimens. These findings represent the first detailed approach to the post-metamorphic development of H. cordifera from a morphological and morphometric perspective. The results not only contribute to the understanding of ophiuroid ontogeny but also offer new tools for their taxonomic identification, highlighting the importance of considering growth-related variations in systematic studies. Additionally, they provide key elements for future research on functional ecology, morphological evolution, and phylogeny within the Ophiactidae family.eng
dc.description.degreelevelPregrado
dc.description.degreenameBiólogo(a)
dc.description.modalityTrabajos de Investigación y/o Extensión
dc.description.tableofcontentsResumenspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsAbstractspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsIntroduccionspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsObjetivosspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsEstado del artespa
dc.description.tableofcontentsMarco teoricospa
dc.description.tableofcontentsOnteogeniaspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsMorfometriaspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsPlasticidad fenotipicaspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsLeyes de escalaspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsClase Ophiuroideaspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsHemipholisspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsMetodologiaspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsRecoleccion de ejemplaresspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsFase de laboratoriospa
dc.description.tableofcontentsAnalisis de la informacionfra
dc.description.tableofcontentsResultadosspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsCaracterizacion ontogenica de Hemipholis cordiferaspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsDiscospa
dc.description.tableofcontentsBrazosspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsvertebras desarticuladasspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsPlacas braquiales desarticuladas del brazospa
dc.description.tableofcontentsDiscusionspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsConclusionspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsRecomendacionesspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsBibliografiasspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsAnexosspa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad de Córdoba
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Unicórdoba
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unicordoba.edu.co
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unicordoba.edu.co/handle/ucordoba/9442
dc.language.isospa
dc.publisherUniversidad de Córdoba
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Ciencias Básicas
dc.publisher.placeMontería, Córdoba, Colombia
dc.publisher.programBiología
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dc.relation.referencesZiegler, A., Martynov, A., & Thuy, B. (2024). High-resolution micro-CT for ophiuroid taxonomy. Methods in Ecology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.14275
dc.rightsCopyright Universidad de Córdoba, 2025
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess
dc.rights.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_f1cf
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subject.keywordsHemipholis cordifera
dc.subject.keywordsAllometry
dc.subject.keywordsMorphometrics
dc.subject.keywordsOntogeny
dc.subject.keywordsOphiactidae
dc.subject.proposalHemipholis cordifera
dc.subject.proposalAlometria
dc.subject.proposalMorfometria
dc.subject.proposalOntogenia
dc.subject.proposalOphiactidae
dc.titleDesarrollo ontogénico post-metamórfico y análisis morfométrico de la estrella frágil Hemipholis Cordifera Bosc, 1802 (Echinodermata Ophiuroidea)spa
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Pregrado
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa
dc.type.contentText
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dspace.entity.typePublication
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