Publicación:
Fitorremediación: técnica aplicada a la recuperación de suelos agrícolas contaminados por plaguicidas.

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dc.contributor.advisorOssa Henao, Diana Marcela
dc.contributor.authorMadera Sarmiento, Carlos Andrés
dc.date.accessioned2021-01-20T20:26:47Z
dc.date.available2021-01-20T20:26:47Z
dc.date.issued2021-01-20
dc.description.abstractA la luz de que en la agricultura los plaguicidas se han convertido en una herramienta útil por su control de plagas, su cotidianidad en la aplicación de cultivos ocasiona un daño colateral, debido a la naturaleza del ingrediente activo que poseen, puesto que la parte de la molécula que no hace frente a la plaga o patógeno se queda en su mayoría en el ambiente, mayormente en el suelo. Revisando estudios efectuados en años recientes y para salvaguardar los suelos contaminados a causa de la agricultura intensiva, se han implementado diversas tecnologías de recuperación, demostrando que existen diferentes opciones y métodos de intervención para una remediación apropiada de contaminantes; entre las cuales cabe señalar la fitorremediación, la biorremediación de suelos, la fitoestabilización, la fitoextracción, humedales artificiales o construidos, entre otras tecnologías que son viables y rentables. Es por ello que la inclinación de este trabajo se edifica en la búsqueda de los beneficios que puede producir la implementación de la fitorremediación como técnica remediadora en la recuperación de suelos, teniendo en cuenta que existen algunas especies de plantas capaces de degradar o transformar contaminantes lo cual se obtiene con la ayuda de procesos fisicoquímicos y biológicos dados en el medio.spa
dc.description.degreelevelPregradospa
dc.description.degreenameQuímico(a)spa
dc.description.modalityMonografíasspa
dc.description.tableofcontents1. INTRODUCCIÓN...................................................................................................... 13spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2. OBJETIVOS............................................................................................................15spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2.1. Objetivo General ................................................................................................................. 13spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2.2. Objetivos Específicos ......................................................................................................... 13spa
dc.description.tableofcontentsDESARROLLO DEL TEMA ............................................................................................................ 14spa
dc.description.tableofcontentsCAPÍTULO I 3. ALTERNATIVAS PARA LA REMEDIACIÓN DE CONTAMINANTES EN .................................................................................................................. 14spa
dc.description.tableofcontentsSUELOS ......................................................................................................................................... 14spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.1. El suelo ................................................................................................................................ 14spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.2. Contaminación del suelo .................................................................................................... 17spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.3. Fuentes de contaminación del suelo ................................................................................ 18spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.3.1. Contaminación puntual o local .................................................................................... 18spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.3.2. Contaminación difusa .................................................................................................. 19spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.4. Principales contaminantes del suelo ................................................................................ 19spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.4.1. Metales pesados ........................................................................................................... 20spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.4.2. Plaguicidas .................................................................................................................... 20spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.4.3. Hidrocarburos aromáticos policíclicos (HAP)............................................................ 21spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.4.4. Contaminantes emergentes (CE) ................................................................................ 22spa
dc.description.tableofcontentsPlaguicidas importantes en la contaminación del suelo ................................................. 22spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.5.1. Clasificación de plaguicidas ........................................................................................ 24spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.5.2. Otras clasificaciones .................................................................................................... 24spa
dc.description.tableofcontentsRemediación de suelos ...................................................................................................... 26spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.6.1. Generalidades ............................................................................................................... 26spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.6.2. Tipos de tratamientos .................................................................................................. 27spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.6.2.1. Tratamientos térmicos .................................................................................................. 27spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.6.2.2. Tratamientos fisicoquímicos ........................................................................................ 28spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.6.2.3. Tratamientos biológicos ...............................................................................................30spa
dc.description.tableofcontentsCAPÍTULO II 4. FITORREMEDIACIÓN ESTRATEGIA ÚTIL EN LA EXTRACCIÓN DE CONTAMINANTES .................................................................................................................................................. 38spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.1. Eficiencia de la fitorremediación ....................................................................................... 39spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.2. Estimulación del crecimiento vegetal por comunidades microbianas .......................... 41spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.3. Factores de concentración................................................................................................. 42spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.3.1. Factor de bioconcentración (FBC) .............................................................................. 43spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.3.2. Factor de translocación (FT)........................................................................................ 43spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.4. Ventajas y desventajas de la fitorremediación ................................................................. 43spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.5. Rizo/Fitorremediación........................................................................46spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.6. Mecanismos de la fitorremediación..............................................................................................48spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.6.1. Fitoextracción o Fitoacumulación....................................................................................................49spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.6.2. Rizofiltración..................................................................................................................................................50spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.6.3. Fitoestimulación o Rizodegradación.............................................................................................51spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.6.4. Fitoestabilización......................................................................................................................................52spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.6.5. Fitodegradación o fitotransformación........................................................................................53spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.6.6. Fitovolatilización..........................................................................................................................................54spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.7. Relación planta-endófito en fitorremediación...........................................................................57spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.8. Biosurfactantes de endófitos y su papel en la fitorremediación..................................59spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.9. Metabolismo vegetal en la fitorremediación de contaminantes orgánicos...........60spa
dc.description.tableofcontentsCAPÍTULO III...................................................................................................................................................................64spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5. ACCIÓN REMEDIADORA DE ALGUNAS ESPECIES DE PLANTAS EN SUELOS CONTAMINADOS POR PLAGUICIDAS........................64spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.1. Especies vegetales aptas para fitorremediación........................................................................65spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.1.1. Gramíneas.............................................................................................................................................................65spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.1.2. Leguminosas..................................................................................................................................................67spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.1.3. Otras especies.................................................................................................................................................68spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.2. Usos de la fitorremediación....................................................................................................................69spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.3. Perspectivas futuras de la fitorremediación................................................................................70spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.4. Fitorremediación en Colombia.............................................................................................................71spa
dc.description.tableofcontents6. CONCLUSIONES..............................................................................................................................................74spa
dc.description.tableofcontents7. BIBLIOGRAFÍA...................................................................................................................................................75spa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unicordoba.edu.co/handle/ucordoba/3906
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Ciencias Básicasspa
dc.publisher.placeMontería, Córdoba, Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.programQuímicaspa
dc.rightsCopyright Universidad de Córdoba, 2021spa
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.creativecommonsAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)spa
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/spa
dc.subject.keywordsPesticideseng
dc.subject.keywordsRemediationeng
dc.subject.keywordsPhytoremediationeng
dc.subject.keywordsPollutantseng
dc.subject.proposalPlaguicidasspa
dc.subject.proposalRemediaciónspa
dc.subject.proposalFitorremediaciónspa
dc.subject.proposalContaminantesspa
dc.titleFitorremediación: técnica aplicada a la recuperación de suelos agrícolas contaminados por plaguicidas.spa
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Pregradospa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1fspa
dc.type.contentTextspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesisspa
dc.type.redcolhttps://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TPspa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/submittedVersionspa
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