Publicación:
Endosimbiontes bacterianos y microbiota intestinal de vectores de Leishmania y otros tripanosomátidos del departamento de Sucre, región Caribe de Colombia

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dc.contributor.advisorPaternina Tuirán, Luis Enrique
dc.contributor.advisorMattar Velilla, Salim
dc.contributor.authorAlemán Santos, Maira Alejandra
dc.contributor.juryLozano Sardaneta, Yokomi Nisei
dc.contributor.juryMaestre Serrano, Ronald
dc.contributor.juryHoyos López, Richard
dc.date.accessioned2025-04-24T18:11:57Z
dc.date.available2026-04-24
dc.date.available2025-04-24T18:11:57Z
dc.date.issued2025-04-24
dc.description.abstractIntroducción y justificación. Los flebotominos son dípteros de gran relevancia en salud pública por su papel como vectores transmisores de diversos patógenos como Leishmania, Bartonella, Vesiculovirus, y Phlebovirus. Pese a la importancia epidemiológica de los flebotominos, no existen métodos de control efectivo debido a sus peculiares características. Los esfuerzos para el control de la leishmaniasis se han centrado en el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de la enfermedad. Esto ha motivado la implementación de medidas alternativas hacia el flebotomino para el control de la enfermedad, basándose en las relaciones antagónicas de algunas bacterias del tracto digestivo del vector y los parásitos del género Leishmania. No obstante, su aplicación para el control de la leishmaniasis es limitada por la falta de conocimiento sobre la frecuencia con la que se presentan estas interacciones en la naturaleza. El control biológico con la bacteria Wolbachia ha sido usada exitosamente para mitigar enfermedades virales en los mosquitos portadores de los arbovirus Dengue y Chikungunya. También, este endosimbionte interfiere con el establecimiento del apicomplexo Plasmodium. En este escenario, las herramientas de metagenómica ofrecen la oportunidad de caracterizar el bacterioma de los vectores, para establecer las posibles relaciones antagónicas que protejan a los insectos de la infección con los parásitos. Objetivo. Caracterizar los endosimbiontes bacterianos y la microbiota intestinal en vectores de Leishmania y otros tripanosomátidos en el departamento de Sucre, región Caribe de Colombia. Métodos. Estudio de tipo descriptivo prospectivo realizado entre noviembre 2021 y febrero 2023 en el departamento de Sucre en los municipios de Sincelejo, Colosó, Sampués y Ovejas. Mediante búsqueda activa, trampas Shannon y CDC-light se realizaron muestreos para la recolección de flebotominos. Las hembras recolectadas se mantuvieron vivas hasta su disección para la identificación taxonómica y la búsqueda microscópica de flagelados en el tracto intestinal. spa
dc.description.abstractIntroduction & Justification. Sand flies are highly relevant to public health because they are vectors of pathogens such as Leishmania, Bartonella, Vesiculovirus, and Phlebovirus. Despite the epidemiological importance of sandflies, there are no effective control methods for them owing to their unique characteristics. Efforts to control leishmaniasis have focused on its diagnosis and treatment. This has led to the implementation of alternative measures targeting sand fly vectors for disease control, based on the antagonistic relationships between some bacteria in the digestive tract of sand flies and parasites of the Leishmania genus. However, their application for leishmaniasis control is limited by a lack of knowledge regarding the frequency with which these interactions occur in nature. Biological control with the bacterium Wolbachia has been successfully used to mitigate viral diseases in mosquitoes carrying the arboviruses, Dengue and Chikungunya. This endosymbiont also interferes with the establishment of Plasmodium apicomplexan. In this scenario, metagenomic tools offer the opportunity to characterize the bacteriome of vectors to establish potential antagonistic relationships that protect insects from parasitic infection. Objective. To characterize bacterial endosymbionts and intestinal microbiota in vectors of Leishmania and other trypanosomatids in the Department of Sucre, Caribbean region of Colombia. Methods. This prospective descriptive study was conducted between November 2021 and February 2023 in the Department of Sucre in the municipalities of Sincelejo, Colosó, Sampués, and Ovejas. Sand flies were collected using active search, Shannon, and CDC light traps. The collected females were kept alive until dissection for taxonomic identification and microscopic search for flagellates in the intestinal tract. eng
dc.description.degreelevelDoctorado
dc.description.degreenameDoctor(a) en Microbiología y Salud Tropical
dc.description.modalityTrabajos de Investigación y/o Extensión
dc.description.tableofcontentsRESUMEN.................................................5
dc.description.tableofcontentsABSTRACT...............................................7
dc.description.tableofcontentsINTRODUCCIÓN.....................................9
dc.description.tableofcontentsMARCO TEÓRICO..................................14
dc.description.tableofcontentsLos flebotominos como vectores de Leishmania.............14
dc.description.tableofcontentsLos parásitos tripanosomátidos y el género Leishmania.............18
dc.description.tableofcontentsEndosimbiontes bacterianos como potenciales biocontroladores de Leishmania.......21
dc.description.tableofcontentsEstudios del Microbioma en vectores de Leishmania...........24
dc.description.tableofcontentsOBJETIVO GENERAL.........................30
dc.description.tableofcontentsOBJETIVOS ESPECÍFICOS.....................30
dc.description.tableofcontentsMATERIALES Y MÉTODOS...........................31
dc.description.tableofcontentsTipo y área de estudio....................31
dc.description.tableofcontentsRecolección de hembras flebotominas...............................33
dc.description.tableofcontentsDisección de flebotominos y búsqueda de tripanosomátidos por microscopía.........34
dc.description.tableofcontentsExtracción de ADN..............................34
dc.description.tableofcontentsFrecuencia de infección con endosimbiontes bacterianos de hembras flebotominas infectadas naturalmente y no infectadas con tripanosomátidos..35
dc.description.tableofcontentsIdentificación de genogrupos de endosimbiontes bacterianos detectados en hembras flebotominas naturalmente y no infectadas con tripanosomátido..37
dc.description.tableofcontentsIdentificación de parásitos tripanosomátidos en intestinos de hembras flebotominas del departamento de Sucre....38
dc.description.tableofcontentsCaracterización de la microbiota intestinal de hembras de Pintomyia evansi y Micropygomyia cayennensis cayennensis naturalmente infectadas y no infectadas con tripanosomátidos..39
dc.description.tableofcontentsRESULTADOS...............................................42
dc.description.tableofcontentsCaptura e identificación de hembras flebotominas del departamento de Sucre.....42
dc.description.tableofcontentsInfección por parásitos flagelados en intestinos de hembras flebotominas.............44
dc.description.tableofcontentsPrevalencia de tripanosomátidos mediante PCR anidada (nPCR) de 18S ribosomal en intestinos de hembras flebotominas.....45
dc.description.tableofcontentsPrevalencia de Wolbachia y Cardinium en intestinos de hembras flebotominas....46
dc.description.tableofcontentsIdentificación de genogrupos de endosimbiontes bacterianos en flebotominos...48
dc.description.tableofcontentsIdentificación de Leishmania y otros tripanosomátidos en intestinos de hembras flebotominas.....50
dc.description.tableofcontentsCaracterización del microbioma intestinal de Pintomyia evansi y Micropygomyia cayennensis cayennensis naturalmente infectadas y no infectadas con tripanosomátidos..53
dc.description.tableofcontentsDISCUSIÓN..........................63
dc.description.tableofcontentsFlebotominos y su importancia epidemiológica......................63
dc.description.tableofcontentsPrevalencia de Wolbachia y Cardinium en infecciones con parásitos tripanosomátidos..................65
dc.description.tableofcontentsGenotipificación de endosimbiontes asociados a hembras flebotominas...........67
dc.description.tableofcontentsIdentificación de Leishmania y otros tripanosomátidos en hembras flebotominas.........69
dc.description.tableofcontentsMicrobioma bacteriano de Pintomyia evansi y Micropygomyia cayennensis cayennensis.............70
dc.description.tableofcontentsCONCLUSIONES.......................75
dc.description.tableofcontentsBIBLIOGRAFÍA....................77
dc.description.tableofcontentsANEXOS.............................99
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad de Córdoba
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Universidad de Córdoba
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unicordoba.edu.co/
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unicordoba.edu.co/handle/ucordoba/9134
dc.language.isospa
dc.publisherUniversidad de Córdoba
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia
dc.publisher.placeBerástegui, Córdoba, Colombia
dc.publisher.programDoctorado en Microbiología y Salud Tropical
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dc.rightsCopyright Universidad de Córdoba, 2025
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess
dc.rights.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_f1cf
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subject.keywordsEndosymbiontseng
dc.subject.keywordsVectoreng
dc.subject.keywordsPhlebotomine sandflieseng
dc.subject.keywordsBiological control agentseng
dc.subject.keywordsLeishmaniaeng
dc.subject.keywordsTrypanosomatidaeeng
dc.subject.keywordsMinION sequencingeng
dc.subject.proposalEndosimbiontesspa
dc.subject.proposalVectorspa
dc.subject.proposalFlebotominosspa
dc.subject.proposalAgentes de control biológicospa
dc.subject.proposalLeishmaniaspa
dc.subject.proposalTrypanosomatidaespa
dc.subject.proposalSecuenciación MinIONspa
dc.titleEndosimbiontes bacterianos y microbiota intestinal de vectores de Leishmania y otros tripanosomátidos del departamento de Sucre, región Caribe de Colombia
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Doctorado
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa
dc.type.contentText
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TM
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dspace.entity.typePublication
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