Publicación:
Efecto de la temperatura del proceso y el espesor de las láminas en el secado por ventana refractiva en Batata Blanca (Ipomoea Batatas L.) sobre la cinética de secado y propiedades físicas

dc.contributor.advisorPerez Sierra, Omar Andresspa
dc.contributor.advisorOrtega Quintana, Fabian Albertospa
dc.contributor.authorPadilla Feria, Cesar David
dc.contributor.authorMontalvo Lambraño, Heyne de Jesús
dc.date.accessioned2021-01-25T17:27:18Z
dc.date.available2021-01-25T17:27:18Z
dc.date.issued2020-12-07
dc.description.abstractLa evaluación del efecto de la temperatura del proceso y el espesor de las láminas sobre la cinética de secado y propiedades físicas (encogimiento, densidad aparente y porosidad) en láminas de batata blanca (Ipomoea batatas L.) sometidas a secado por Ventana Refractiva ha sido estudiado con el propósito de determinar los parámetros cinéticos mediante la aplicación de la cinética de primer orden para la influencia de la temperatura, la segunda Ley de Fick para la transferencia de humedad, y el comportamiento de sus propiedades físicas mediante los modelos lineal de Ocho et al. (2007) y polinómico de cuarto grado. Las muestras de batata fueron adecuadas en forma de láminas cuadradas con 3.5 cm de lado y espesores de 1.5 y 2.5 mm, las cuales fueron sometidas a secado a temperaturas de 75, 85 y 95°C. El diseño experimental fue dirigido bajo un diseño completamente al azar con arreglo factorial 3x2 (3 temperaturas y 2 espesores) con tres repeticiones. El contenido de humedad de las muestras fue determinado por el método AOAC 931.04/2012, el encogimiento fue estimado mediante la medición de los lados y el espesor de las láminas, la densidad aparente fue determinada por la medición de la pérdida de peso y reducción del volumen aparente de las muestras durante el proceso y la porosidad fue determinada por medio del modelo empleado por Dissa et al. (2010). Con los resultados obtenidos se construyeron las curvas de secado, en las que se evidencia que este proceso tuvo lugar en el periodo decreciente, el mostró que la difusión es el mecanismo que gobierna el secado de Ipomoea batatas (L.). La difusividad efectiva de la humedad presentó valores entre 8.67x10-5 y 52.8x10-5 m2.s-1, la energía de activación tuvo valores de 34.78 y 21.23 kJ.mol-1, para los espesores de 1.5 y 2.5 mm, de manera correspondiente; el coeficiente convectivo para la transferencia de humedad mostró una tendencia lineal en relación a la temperatura, con valores entre 1.23x10-6 y 3.52x10-6 m.s-1. El encogimiento, densidad aparente y porosidad fueron afectados por la temperatura significativamente, sin embargo, solo el espesor afectó el encogimiento de las láminas. El encogimiento disminuyó con el aumento de la temperatura e incrementó con el aumento del espesor de las láminas, registrándose valores de encogimiento promedio de hasta 47.48%. Por su parte, la densidad aparente se redujo durante el secado, mostrando valores finales entre 516 y 860.6 kg.m-3, el modelo polinómico de cuarto grado se ajustó adecuadamente a los datos de esta propiedad arrojando valores de coeficientes R2>0.9. La porosidad aumentó durante la deshidratación de las láminas de batata, arrojando valores al final del proceso de hasta 66.9% y el comportamiento, en función de la razón de humedad, fue descrito adecuadamente por el modelo polinómico de cuarto orden.spa
dc.description.degreelevelPregradospa
dc.description.degreenameIngeniero(a) de Alimentosspa
dc.description.modalityTrabajos de Investigación y/o Extensiónspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsLISTADO DE FIGURAS 11spa
dc.description.tableofcontentsLISTADO DE TABLAS 12spa
dc.description.tableofcontentsLISTADO DE APÉNDICES 13spa
dc.description.tableofcontentsRESUMEN 14spa
dc.description.tableofcontentsABSTRACT 16spa
dc.description.tableofcontentsINTRODUCCIÓN 18spa
dc.description.tableofcontentsCAPÍTULO 1. REVISIÓN DE LA LITERATURA 23spa
dc.description.tableofcontents1.1. GENERALIDADES DE LA BATATA. 23spa
dc.description.tableofcontents1.1.1. Descripción y origen 23spa
dc.description.tableofcontents1.1.2. Características nutricionales 24spa
dc.description.tableofcontents1.1.3. Procesamiento y usos 25spa
dc.description.tableofcontents1.2. SECADO. 25spa
dc.description.tableofcontents1.2.1. Tipos de secado 27spa
dc.description.tableofcontents1.2.2. Secado por Ventana Refractiva 29spa
dc.description.tableofcontents1.2.3. Terminología y definiciones fundamentales 34spa
dc.description.tableofcontents1.2.4. Efecto de los principales factores en la cinética de secado 37spa
dc.description.tableofcontents1.2.5. Modelo matemático de transferencia de masa para el secado por Ventana Refractiva. 40spa
dc.description.tableofcontents1.2.6. Efectos del secado sobre las propiedades físicas 43spa
dc.description.tableofcontentsCAPÍTULO 2. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS 49spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2.1. TIPO DE INVESTIGACIÓN 49spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2.2. LOCALIZACIÓN 49spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2.3. EQUIPOS UTILIZADOS 49spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2.3.1. Equipo de ventana refractiva (RW) 49spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2.3.2. Equipos complementarios. 49spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2.4. VARIABLES E INDICADORES 50spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2.4.1. Variables independientes 50spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2.4.2. Variables dependientes 50spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2.5. MÉTODOS Y PROCEDIMIENTOS 50spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2.5.1. Obtención de la materia prima 50spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2.5.2. Secado de batata 51spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2.5.3. Determinación del contenido de humedad 51spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2.5.4. Determinación del efecto de la temperatura del proceso y el espesor de las láminas sobre la cinética del secado por Ventana Refractiva™ en batata blanca. 52spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2.5.5. Obtención de los parámetros cinéticos para el secado por Ventana Refractiva™ en batata blanca. 52spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2.5.6. Determinación del efecto de la temperatura del proceso y el espesor de las láminas sobre las propiedades físicas 53spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2.5.7. Diseño experimental 55spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2.5.8. Análisis estadístico de datos 56spa
dc.description.tableofcontentsCAPÍTULO 3. RESULTADOS Y DISCUSIÓN 57spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.1. DETERMINACIÓN DEL EFECTO DE LA TEMPERATURA DE PROCESO Y ESPESOR DE LAS LÁMINAS SOBRE LA CINÉTICA DEL SECADO POR VENTANA REFRACTIVA EN BATATA BLANCA 57spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.1.1. Curvas de secado para la razón de humedad 57spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.1.2. Curvas de velocidad de secado 60spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.2. OBTENCIÓN DE LOS PARÁMETROS CINÉTICOS EN EL SECADO POR VENTANA REFRACTIVA EN BATATA BLANCA 64spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.3.1. Encogimiento 69spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.3.2. Densidad aparente 73spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.3.3. Porosidad 77spa
dc.description.tableofcontentsCAPÍTULO 4. CONCLUSIONES 81spa
dc.description.tableofcontentsCAPÍTULO 5. RECOMENDACIONES 82spa
dc.description.tableofcontentsBIBLIOGRAFÍA 83spa
dc.description.tableofcontentsAPÉNDICES 116spa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unicordoba.edu.co/handle/ucordoba/3944
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Ingenieríaspa
dc.publisher.placeMontería, Córdoba, Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.programIngeniería de Alimentosspa
dc.rightsCopyright Universidad de Córdoba, 2021spa
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.creativecommonsAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)spa
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/spa
dc.subject.keywordsRefractive windoweng
dc.subject.keywordsSweet potatoeng
dc.subject.keywordsDryingeng
dc.subject.keywordsShrinkageeng
dc.subject.keywordsFick's laweng
dc.subject.keywords2.4.1. Variables independientes 50eng
dc.subject.proposalVentana refractivaspa
dc.subject.proposalBatataspa
dc.subject.proposalSecadospa
dc.subject.proposalEncogimientospa
dc.subject.proposalLey de Fickspa
dc.titleEfecto de la temperatura del proceso y el espesor de las láminas en el secado por ventana refractiva en Batata Blanca (Ipomoea Batatas L.) sobre la cinética de secado y propiedades físicasspa
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Pregradospa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1fspa
dc.type.contentTextspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesisspa
dc.type.redcolhttps://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TPspa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/submittedVersionspa
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