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Evaluación de cuatro plantas silvestres para la fitorremediación de suelos contaminados con metales pesados (Hg, Pb Y Cd) por actividades de minería

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dc.contributor.advisorMarrugo Negrete, José Luis
dc.contributor.authorDurante Yánez, Elvia Valeria
dc.date.accessioned2022-01-25T23:54:37Z
dc.date.available2022-01-25T23:54:37Z
dc.date.issued2022-01-25
dc.description.abstractLa contaminación de suelos con metales pesados procedente de actividades antrópicas se ha convertido en una preocupación mundial por los impactos en la salud humana y ambiental, por lo que es necesario buscar estrategias sostenibles para remediar zonas contaminadas. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar cuatro plantas silvestres (Senna obtusifolia (L.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby, Sida rhombifolia L., Amaranthus spinosus L. y Clidemia sericea D. Don.) para la fitorremediación de suelos contaminados con metales pesados (Hg, Pb y Cd) por actividades de minería aurífera. El estudio se realizó durante tres meses, con suelos provenientes de una zona de minería aurífera. Se utilizó un diseño factorial 4x3, los factores fueron el tipo de especies vegetal (S. obtusifolia, S. rhombifolia., A. spinosus y C. sericea) y la concentración de metales pesados en suelo (Control, Media y Alta), cada tratamiento por triplicado para cada especie, para un total de 36 unidades experimentales. Los análisis de concentración de Hg, Pb y Cd para las muestras de suelos y plantas, se realizaron de acuerdo a los métodos de EPA 7473 (para Hg) y EPA 3051A (para Pb y Cd). Se determinaron efectos fitotóxicos en las plantas, factores de bioconcentración (FBC) y translocación (FT).spa
dc.description.degreelevelMaestríaspa
dc.description.degreenameMagíster en Ciencias Ambientalesspa
dc.description.modalityTrabajos de Investigación y/o Extensiónspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsRESUMEN 11spa
dc.description.tableofcontentsABSTRACT 12spa
dc.description.tableofcontents1. INTRODUCCIÓN 13spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2. OBJETIVOS 15spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2.1 OBJETIVO GENERAL 15spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2.2 OBJETIVOS ESPECÍFICOS 15spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3. ANTECEDENTES Y MARCO TEÓRICO 16spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.1 ANTECEDENTES 16spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.2 MARCO TEÓRICO 19spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.2.1 Suelos contaminados por metales pesados 19spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.2.2 Toxicidad de los metales pesados en la salud humana 20spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.2.3 Toxicidad de los metales pesados en las plantas 20spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.2.4 Fitorremediación 21spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.2.5 Acumulación y translocación de metales pesados en plantas 23spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.2.6 Plantas silvestres para fitorremediación 24spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4. METODOLOGÍA 27spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.1 DETERMINAR LAS CARACTERÍSTICAS FISICOQUÍMICAS (pH, M.O, S, P, Ca, Mg, K, Na, CICe, TEXTURA, CONCENTRACIÓN Y BIODISPONIBILIDAD DE Hg, Pb Y Cd) DE LOS SUELOS 27spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.1.1 Muestreo de suelos 27spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.1.2 Análisis fisicoquímico de los suelos 27spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.1.3 Análisis y control analítico de metales pesados en suelos y plantas 28spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.2 DESARROLLAR EL PROCESO DE FITORREMEDIACIÓN A NIVEL DE INVERNADERO PARA SUELOS CONTAMINADOS CON METALES PESADOS (Hg, Pb Y Cd) PROCEDENTES DE ACTIVIDADES DE MINERÍA AURÍFERA MEDIANTE EL USO DE ESPECIES SILVESTRES (S. obtusifolia, S. rhombifolia, A. spinosus Y C. sericea) 30spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.2.1 Diseño experimental 30spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.2.2 Montaje de experimento en invernadero 31spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.2.2.1 Obtención de plántulas 31spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.2.2.2 Unidades experimentales 32spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.3 DETERMINAR LOS EFECTOS FITOTÓXICOS Y FACTORES DE BIOCONCENTRACIÓN Y TRANSLOCACIÓN DE METALES PESADOS (Hg, Pb Y Cd) EN LAS ESPECIES SILVESTRES (S. obtusifolia, S. rhombifolia, A. spinosus Y C. sericea) 34spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.3.1 Seguimiento de efectos fitotóxicos 34spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.3.2 Determinación de área foliar, biomasa seca, clorofila y carotenoides 34spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.3.3 Determinación de factores de bioconcentración y translocación 35spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.3.4 Análisis estadístico 36spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5. RESULTADOS Y DISCUSIÓN 37spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.1 CARACTERÍSTICAS FISICOQUÍMICAS DE LOS SUELOS 37spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.2 COMPORTAMIENTO DE LAS VARIABLES MORFOMÉTRICAS Y FISIOLÓGICAS DE LAS PLANTAS 47spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.2.1 Seguimiento de altura de la planta, diámetro del tallo, número de hojas, flores y frutos 47spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.2.2 Comparación de la duodécima medida de las variables morfométricas entre tratamientos 56spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.2.3 Área foliar, biomasa seca, clorofila y carotenoides 65spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.3 CONCENTRACIÓN DE Hg, Pb y Cd EN TEJIDOS DE LAS PLANTAS 75spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.3.1 Mercurio (Hg) 75spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.3.2 Plomo (Pb) 79spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.3.3 Cadmio (Cd) 82spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.4 FACTORES DE BIOCONCENTRACIÓN Y TRANSLOCACIÓN 85spa
dc.description.tableofcontents6. CONCLUSIONES 88spa
dc.description.tableofcontents7. RECOMENDACIONES 89spa
dc.description.tableofcontentsREFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS 90spa
dc.description.tableofcontentsANEXOS 118spa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unicordoba.edu.co/handle/ucordoba/4774
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisherUniversidad de Córdoba
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Ciencias Básicasspa
dc.publisher.placeMontería, Córdoba, Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.programMaestría en Ciencias Ambientalesspa
dc.rightsCopyright Universidad de Córdoba, 2022spa
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.creativecommonsAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)spa
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/spa
dc.subject.keywordsWild plant specieseng
dc.subject.keywordsBCFs and TFseng
dc.subject.keywordsHeavy metalseng
dc.subject.keywordsMiningeng
dc.subject.proposalEspecies silvestresspa
dc.subject.proposalFBC y FTspa
dc.subject.proposalMetales pesadosspa
dc.subject.proposalSuelos minerosspa
dc.titleEvaluación de cuatro plantas silvestres para la fitorremediación de suelos contaminados con metales pesados (Hg, Pb Y Cd) por actividades de mineríaspa
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestríaspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdccspa
dc.type.contentTextspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisspa
dc.type.redcolhttps://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TMspa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/submittedVersionspa
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dcterms.referencesZhou, Z., Chen, Z., Pan, H., Sun, B., Zeng, D., He, L., Yang, R., Zhou, G. 2018. Cadmium contamination in soils and crops in four mining areas, China. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 192, 72-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gexplo.2018.06.003spa
dcterms.referencesZu, Y.Q., Li, Y., Chen, J.J., Chen, H.Y., Qin, L. Schvartz, C. 2005. Hyperaccumulation of Pb, Zn and Cd in herbaceous grown on lead–zinc mining area in Yunnan, China. Environment International. 31(5):755-762. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2005.02. 004spa
dcterms.referencesZulfiqar, U., Farooq, M., Hussain, S., Maqsood, M., Hussain, M., Ishfaq, M., Ahmad, M., Anjum, M. Z. 2019. Lead toxicity in plants: Impacts and remediation. Journal of environmental management, 250, 109557. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109557spa
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