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Concentraciones de metales pesados en productos agropecuarios en la región de La de Mojana: evaluación del riesgo en la salud humana

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dc.contributor.advisorMarrugo Negrete, José Luis
dc.contributor.authorMontiel-Díaz, Yesit Felipe
dc.date.accessioned2021-12-01T22:13:16Z
dc.date.available2021-12-01T22:13:16Z
dc.date.issued2021-12-01
dc.description.abstractEn la región de la Mojana se ha evidenciado una seria amenaza a la seguridad alimentaria debido a la contaminación por metales pesados, que se ha evidenciado en suelos, aguas y sedimentos y ha llegado a contaminar productos agropecuarios como el arroz y pescado. Se propuso evaluar las concentraciones y el riesgo para la salud humana de metales pesados (Mercurio, Plomo, Arsénico y Cadmio) en productos alimenticios consumidos en la región de La Mojana (Colombia). Se evaluaron factores asociados al consumo de productos alimenticios a través de una encuesta incluyendo datos socioeconómicos, y frecuencia de consumo de alimentos. Se colectaron 7.645 muestras de los productos alimenticios cereales, carnes, frutas, hortalizas, leche, y tubérculos. La concentración de mercurio se determinó mediante un analizador directo de mercurio (Mylestone DMA Tri Cell). La concentración de arsénico se cuantificó con el método de espectrometría de absorción atómica con generador de hidruros (HGAAS). La concentración de cadmio y plomo fueron cuantificada con espectroscopía de absorción atómica con horno de grafito (GFAAS). El orden en función de las medias de concentraciones de metales pesados fue Pb=635.25, As 179.87, Cd=57.19 y Hg=19.52 en productos alimenticios. Las hortalizas presentan una tendencia a mayores concentraciones de metales pesados estudiados frente al resto de los productos alimenticios.spa
dc.description.abstractIn the region of La Mojana, a serious threat to food security has been evidenced due to contamination by heavy metals, which has been evidenced in soils, water and sediments and has come to contaminate agricultural products such as rice and fish. It was proposed to evaluate the concentrations and the risk to human health of heavy metals (Mercury, Lead, Arsenic and Cadmium) in food products consumed in the region of La Mojana (Colombia). Factors associated with the consumption of food products were evaluated through a survey including socioeconomic data, and frequency of food consumption. 7,645 samples of cereal food products, meats, fruits, vegetables, milk, and tubers were collected. Mercury concentration was determined using a direct mercury analyzer (Mylestone DMA Tri Cell). The arsenic concentration was quantified with the hydride generator atomic absorption spectrometry (HGAAS) method. The concentration of cadmium and lead were quantified with graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy (GFAAS). The order as a function of the mean concentrations of heavy metals was Pb = 635.25, As 179.87, Cd = 57.19 and Hg = 19.52 in food products.eng
dc.description.degreelevelMaestríaspa
dc.description.degreenameMagíster en Ciencias Ambientalesspa
dc.description.modalityTrabajos de Investigación y/o Extensiónspa
dc.description.tableofcontents1. RESUMEN ...................................................................................................9spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2. ABSTRACT ...............................................................................................10spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3. INTRODUCCIÓN .......................................................................................11spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4. OBJETIVOS ...............................................................................................13spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.1. Objetivo general .........................................................................................13spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.2 Objetivos específicos ..................................................................................13spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5. MARCO REFERENCIAL ............................................................................14spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.1 Antecedentes ........................................................................................14spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.2 Metales pesados...................................................................................16spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.3 Toxicología de metales pesados ...........................................................27spa
dc.description.tableofcontents6. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS ......................................................................30spa
dc.description.tableofcontents6.1 Tipo de estudio ........................................................................................30spa
dc.description.tableofcontents6.2 Área de estudio ........................................................................................30spa
dc.description.tableofcontents6.3 Caracterización de factores asociados al consumo de alimentos agropecuarios ...............................................................................................31spa
dc.description.tableofcontents6.4 Criterios de selección para la población de la región de la Mojana. .........32spa
dc.description.tableofcontents6.5 Concentraciones de los metales pesados en matrices de alimentos agropecuarios ................................................................................................33spa
dc.description.tableofcontents6.6 Determinación de las concentraciones de mercurio, plomo, arsénico y cadmio en matrices ........................................................................................33spa
dc.description.tableofcontents6.7 Control de calidad del método evaluado ..................................................34spa
dc.description.tableofcontents6.8 Evaluación del nivel de riesgo por exposición a mercurio total, plomo, arsénico y cadmio. .........................................................................................35spa
dc.description.tableofcontents6.9 Consideraciones éticas ............................................................................36spa
dc.description.tableofcontents6.10 Procesamiento y análisis de los datos....................................................37spa
dc.description.tableofcontents7. RESULTADOS Y DISCUSIÓN ..........................................................................38spa
dc.description.tableofcontents7.1 Caracterización de algunos factores asociados al consumo de los alimentos y su relación con la exposición a metales pesados en habitantes de la Mojana Colombiana. .................................................38spa
dc.description.tableofcontents7.2 Determinación de concentraciones de los metales pesados (Hg, As, Pb y Cd) en productos alimenticios por los habitantes de la Mojana Colombiana. .45spa
dc.description.tableofcontents7.3 Determinación del riesgo potencial de la salud humana por consumo de los alimentos contaminados metales pesados (Hg, As, Pb y Cd) en habitantes de la Mojana Colombiana. .................................................49spa
dc.description.tableofcontents8. CONCLUSIONES ......................................................................................57spa
dc.description.tableofcontents9. REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS ...........................................................59spa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unicordoba.edu.co/handle/ucordoba/4722
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisherUniversidad de Córdobaspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Ciencias Básicasspa
dc.publisher.placeMontería, Córdoba, Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.programMaestría en Ciencias Ambientalesspa
dc.rightsCopyright Universidad de Córdoba, 2021spa
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.creativecommonsAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)spa
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/spa
dc.subject.keywordsPotentially toxic elementseng
dc.subject.keywordsEnvironmental pollutioneng
dc.subject.keywordsHuman healtheng
dc.subject.keywordsColombiaeng
dc.subject.proposalElementos potencialmente tóxicosspa
dc.subject.proposalContaminación ambientalspa
dc.subject.proposalSalud humanaspa
dc.subject.proposalColombiaspa
dc.titleConcentraciones de metales pesados en productos agropecuarios en la región de La de Mojana: evaluación del riesgo en la salud humanaspa
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestríaspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdccspa
dc.type.contentTextspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisspa
dc.type.redcolhttps://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TMspa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/submittedVersionspa
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