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Evaluación del potencial antibacteriano y antibiopelículas del extracto etanólico de hojas de Kalanchoe pinnata frente a aislamientos clínicos del grupo Eskape

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dc.contributor.advisorContreras Martínez, Orfa Inés
dc.contributor.advisorAngulo Ortiz, Alberto
dc.contributor.authorJulio Pretelt, Juan Diego
dc.contributor.juryLorduy Rodriguez, Alvaro Jose
dc.contributor.juryVillegas Gonzalez, Jazmith Paola
dc.date.accessioned2025-07-29T16:35:51Z
dc.date.available2025-07-29T16:35:51Z
dc.date.issued2025-06-12
dc.description.abstractLas infecciones causadas por bacterias del grupo ESKAPE (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa y Enterobacter spp.) representan un desafío crítico en el ámbito clínico debido a su creciente resistencia a los antibióticos convencionales y al grave aumento en la morbimortalidad asociada. En este contexto, la búsqueda de nuevas alternativas terapéuticas es esencial, y es aquí donde los productos naturales, especialmente las plantas medicinales, emergen como opciones prometedoras gracias a sus metabolitos secundarios con propiedades antibacterianas reconocidas. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la actividad antibacteriana y antibiopelículas del extracto etanólico de hojas de Kalanchoe pinnata frente a cinco aislamientos clínicos del grupo ESKAPE. Se empleó el método de microdilución en caldo Mueller Hinton para determinar la concentración mínima inhibitoria (CMI90), y se evaluó la inhibición de biopelículas mediante cuantificación espectrofotométrica. Todos los aislamientos fueron sensibles al extracto evaluado, con valores de CMI90 entre 612.0 y 920.8 μg/mL, siendo Pseudomonas aeruginosa el más susceptible. El extracto inhibió la formación de biopelículas con porcentajes de hasta 63% para el aislamiento de E. faecium y 12% para A. baumannii. Asimismo, se observó que los aislamientos de P. aeruginosa y K. pneumoniae no presentaron inhibición significativa de biopelículas con el extracto, mientras que ciprofloxacino logró reducciones del 80% y 60% respectivamente en estos aislamientos. Los resultados demuestran que el extracto etanólico de K. pinnata posee actividad antibacteriana contra aislamientos clínicos del grupo ESKAPE, aunque con efectividad variable en la inhibición de biopelículas, sugiriendo la necesidad de futuras investigaciones para mejorar la búsqueda de nuevos compuestos con actividad antimicrobiana.spa
dc.description.abstractInfections caused by ESKAPE pathogens (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter spp.) pose a critical challenge in clinical settings due to their increasing resistance to conventional antibiotics and the associated rise in morbidity and mortality. In this context, the search for new therapeutic alternatives is essential, and natural products—especially medicinal plants—emerge as promising options because of their bioactive secondary metabolites with recognized antibacterial properties. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of an ethanolic leaf extract of Kalanchoe pinnata against five clinical isolates from the ESKAPE group. The broth microdilution method using Mueller–Hinton medium was employed to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (CMI90), and biofilm inhibition was assessed by spectrophotometric quantification. All isolates proved sensitive to the extract, with CMI90 values ranging from 612.0 to 920.8 µg/mL, and P. aeruginosa was the most susceptible. The extract inhibited biofilm formation by up to 63% for E. faecium and 12% for A. baumannii, although these values were lower than those achieved by ciprofloxacin as a positive control. Notably, P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae isolates showed no significant biofilm inhibition with the extract, while ciprofloxacin achieved reductions of 80% and 60%, respectively. These findings demonstrate that the ethanolic extract of K. pinnata possesses antibacterial activity against clinical ESKAPE isolates, albeit with variable efficacy in biofilm inhibition, indicating the need for further research to identify and optimize novel antimicrobial compounds.eng
dc.description.degreelevelPregrado
dc.description.degreenameBiólogo(a)
dc.description.modalityArtículo
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad de Córdoba
dc.identifier.reponamehttps://repositorio.unicordoba.edu.co/
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unicordoba.edu.co/
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unicordoba.edu.co/handle/ucordoba/9510
dc.language.isospa
dc.publisherUniversidad de Córdoba
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Ciencias Básicas
dc.publisher.placeMontería, Córdoba, Colombia
dc.publisher.programBiología
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dc.rightsCopyright Universidad de Córdoba, 2025
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subject.keywordsAntibacterialeng
dc.subject.keywordsAntibiofilmeng
dc.subject.keywordsESKAPEeng
dc.subject.keywordsKalanchoe pinnataeng
dc.subject.proposalAntibacterianospa
dc.subject.proposalAntibiopelículasspa
dc.subject.proposalESKAPEspa
dc.subject.proposalKalanchoe pinnataspa
dc.titleEvaluación del potencial antibacteriano y antibiopelículas del extracto etanólico de hojas de Kalanchoe pinnata frente a aislamientos clínicos del grupo Eskapespa
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Pregrado
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa
dc.type.contentText
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis
dspace.entity.typePublication
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