Publicación:
Exploring teaching practices used by english teachers for promoting oral online interaction during COVID-19

dc.contributor.advisorHerrera Naranjo, Solspa
dc.contributor.authorBohorquez Rodriguez, Deimer Davidspa
dc.date.accessioned2023-02-16T00:44:10Z
dc.date.available2023-02-16T00:44:10Z
dc.date.issued2023-02-14
dc.description.abstractDuring Covid-19, teachers experienced drastic changes in their teaching methodologies which posed new challenges for the teaching and learning processes, particularly at the time of promoting interaction. During in-person classes teachers used a variety of means and strategies to promote interaction and keep students enrolled, focused and motivated to participate during the activities. Teachers changed this daily practice due to Covid 19 to synchronous and asynchronous teaching processes. Studies on this area demonstrated how teachers promoted online interaction using forums, public debates and interaction activities mostly mediated through platforms and through asynchronous modes (Guo et al., 2018; Beffa-Negrini, 2002). However, little is known about how teachers modified their teaching to respond to oral online interaction in times of Covid-19. This case study aims at characterizing three EFL teachers´ teaching practices to promote oral online interaction during synchronous classes and their implications for teaching and learning. Data was collected through class observations, interviews and document analysis which revealed how teachers engaged in this challenging experience. Findings showed that teachers mainly used online video conferencing platforms such as zoom, and meets to develop their online classes. They enrolled teaching practices such as IMAGE model, realia, games, direct questions among others to promote oral online interaction. Reading and listening web-based activities were integrated to promote discussion. The results also showed the main implications in teaching and learning during Covid 19.spa
dc.description.degreelevelMaestríaspa
dc.description.degreenameMagíster en Enseñanza del Inglésspa
dc.description.modalityTrabajos de Investigación y/o Extensiónspa
dc.description.tableofcontents1. Introduction 1spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2. Theoretical Framework 5spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2.1 Conceptual Framework 5spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2.1.2. Types of Interactions 7spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2.1.2.1 Learner-Content Interaction 8spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2.3 Synchronous Oral Online Processes 13spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2.4 Social Media Applications 15spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3. Literature Review 17spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.1 Promoting Students’ Oral Interaction During Online Classes 17spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.2 Teaching During the Period of the Covid-19 Pandemic 19spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4. Methodology 22spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.1 Research Design 22spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.2 Context and Participants 24spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.4 Data Collection Methods 26spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.5 Ethical Considerations 30spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.6 Data Analysis 30spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.0 Findings 35spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.1 Teachers’ Virtual Synchronic Teaching Practices used for Promoting Oral Online Interaction. 36spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.1.1 The use of Online Video Conferencing Platforms to Promote Oral Online Interaction 37spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.1.2. The use of WhatsApp as a Cross-platform Messaging Service as a Teaching Practice 39spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.1.3 The use of social media and Online Application 41spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.1.4 Reading and Listening Web-Based teaching practices for Fostering Oral Online Interaction 42spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.2 Teaching and Learning Implications in Online Scenarios to Promote Oral Online Interaction 47spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.2.1 Teaching Gains 47spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.2.1 Difficulty in Online Connectivity 49spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.2.2 Difficulty in planning an Online Class 50spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.2.3 Difficulty in Time Management 51spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.2.4 Difficulty in Managing Emotions 52spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.2.5 Difficulty in Hardware Functionalities 52spa
dc.description.tableofcontents6. Discussion 53spa
dc.description.tableofcontents7. Conclusions 67spa
dc.description.tableofcontents8.References 69spa
dc.description.tableofcontents9.Appendices 78spa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unicordoba.edu.co/handle/ucordoba/7114
dc.language.isoengspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Educación y Ciencias Humanasspa
dc.publisher.placeMontería, Córdoba, Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.programMaestría en Enseñanza del Inglésspa
dc.rightsCopyright Universidad de Córdoba, 2023spa
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.creativecommonsAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)spa
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/spa
dc.subject.keywordsOnline teaching practiceseng
dc.subject.keywordsOral online interactioneng
dc.subject.keywordsSynchronic Teachingeng
dc.subject.keywordsSocial Media Applicationseng
dc.subject.proposalPrácticas de enseñanza en líneaspa
dc.subject.proposalInteracción oral en líneaspa
dc.subject.proposalEnseñanza sincrónicaspa
dc.subject.proposalAplicaciones de redes socialesspa
dc.titleExploring teaching practices used by english teachers for promoting oral online interaction during COVID-19spa
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestríaspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdccspa
dc.type.contentTextspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisspa
dc.type.redcolhttps://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TMspa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/submittedVersionspa
dcterms.referencesAbdulaziz, H., & Saleh, H. (2021). Measuring Students’ Use of Zoom Application in Language Course Based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 50, 883–900.spa
dcterms.referencesAbdullah, M. Y., Hussin, S., & Ismail, K. (2019). Implementation of Flipped Classroom Model and Its Effectiveness on English Speaking Performance. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning, 14(9).spa
dcterms.referencesAbrams, Z. (2003). The effect of synchronous and asynchronous CMC on oral performance in German. The Modern Language Journal, 87(2), 157-167.spa
dcterms.referencesAhmed, A. (2002). Utilizing Asynchronous and Synchronous Technologies for School System Transformation During the Pandemonium Period. Edu-learning Hubspa
dcterms.referencesAkakpo, A. (2021). Using WhatsApp for Teaching and Learning. Academia, 1-28. https://www.academia.edu/47733774/Using_WhatsApp_for_Teaching_and_Learning_Activitiesspa
dcterms.referencesAl-Ansi, A., & Garad, A. (2021). ICT-Based Learning During Covid-19 Outbreak: Advantages, Opportunities and Challenges. Gagasan Pendidikan Indonesia, 2(1), 10-26. doi:10.30870/gpi.v2i1.10176spa
dcterms.referencesAndre, T., Schmidt, D., Nonis, A., Buck, N., & Hall, S. (2000). Preparing tomorrow's teachers today: using videos of technology-using teachers to enhance preservice teachers' technology skills. In D. Willis, et al. (Eds.), Proceedings of Society for Information Technology & Teacher Education International Conference 2000 (pp. 1452e1455).spa
dcterms.referencesBalaji, M. S., & Chakrabarti, D. (2010). Student interactions in online discussion forum: Empirical research from ‘media richness theory’ perspective. Journal of Interactive Online Learning, 9(1), 1-22spa
dcterms.referencesBeauvois, M. H. (1995). E-talk: Attitudes and motivation in computer-assisted classroom discussion. Computers and the Humanities, 28, 177–190spa
dcterms.referencesBeffa-Negrini PA, Cohen NL, Miller B. Strategies to motivate students in online learning environments. J Nutr Educ Behav. 2002 Nov-Dec;34(6):334-40. doi: 10.1016/s1499-4046(06)60116-4. PMID: 12556272spa
dcterms.referencesBernard, R. M., Abrami, P. C., Lou, Y., Borokhovski, E., Wade, A., Wozney, L., ... & Huang, B. (2004). How does distance education compare with classroom instruction? A meta-analysis of the empirical literature. Review of educational research, 74(3), 379-439spa
dcterms.referencesBielman, V. A., Putney, L. G., & Strudler, N. (2003). Constructing Community in a Postsecondary Virtual Classroom. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 29(1), 119–144. https://doi.org/10.2190/P84L-R8AK-0XV6-W3VLspa
dcterms.referencesBirt, L. (2010). Caring and working: A hermeneutic phenomenology study exploring the experiences of working-age male family carers (Doctoral thesis). Retrieved from https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/34305/1/2010BirtLPhD.pdfspa
dcterms.referencesBlake, R. (2000). Computer-mediated communication: A window on FL Spanish interlanguage. Language Learning & Technology, 4, 120–136spa
dcterms.referencesBraun, V., Clarke, V. (2006).Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qual. Res. Psychol. 3(2), 77–101 . https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oaspa
dcterms.referencesBraun, V., Clarke, V. (2013). Successful Qualitative Research: A Practical Guide for Beginners. Sage Publications, Thousand Oaksspa
dcterms.referencesBree, R. & Gallagher, G. (2016). Using Microsoft Excel to code and thematically analyse qualitative data: a simple, cost-effective approach. All Ireland Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education (AISHE-J), 8(2), 2811-28114.spa
dcterms.referencesBrouwer, P. (2011). Collaboration in teacher teams (Doctoral dissertation).spa
dcterms.referencesBrown, H. (1994). Teaching by Principles: An Interactive Approach to Language Pedagogy. Prentice Hall Regentsspa
dcterms.referencesBurns, A., & Seidlhofer, B. (2002). Speaking and pronunciation. In N. Schmitt, (Ed.), An introduction to applied linguistics (pp. 211-232). London: Arnoldspa
dcterms.referencesCastañeda-Trujillo, J. E. & Rincón, L. (2018). Foreign language teachers’ education: Challenges and implications in integrating technologies of information and communication. In H. Castañeda-Peña (Ed.), technolog y in elt: Achievements and challenges for elt development (pp. 75–94). Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldasspa
dcterms.referencesCastañeda-Trujillo, J., & Jaime-Osorio, M. (2021). Pedagogical Strategies Used by English Teacher Educators to Overcomethe Challenges Posed by Emergency Remote Teaching During the covid-19 Pandemic. Ikala, 26(3), 697-713. /10.17533/udea.ikala/v26n3a12spa
dcterms.referencesCifuente, N., Méndez, N., & Moreno, A. (2018). Fostering English Oral Production through Blended Learning at Secondary School. Universidad Libre de Colombia, 1-145spa
dcterms.referencesCorbin, J. & Strauss, A. (2008). Basics of qualitative research: Techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sagespa
dcterms.referencesCreswell. J. & Creswell, J.D. (2017) Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. 4th Edition, Sage, Newbury Parkspa
dcterms.referencesCubero, K., & Villanueva, L. (2017). Uso del WhatsApp en Comunidades Interactivas de Aprendizaje: Perspectiva Estudiantil sobre Ejercicios de Pronunciación en la Clase de Inglés para Propósitos Específicos. Congreso In-Red, 1-22. doi:10.4995/INRED2017.2017spa
dcterms.referencesCurtain, R. (2002). Online delivery in the vocational education and training sector: Improving cost effectiveness. National Centre for Vocational Education Researchspa
dcterms.referencesDavies, J & Graff, M. (2005). Performance in e-Learning: Online Participation and Student Grades. British Journal of Educational Technology. 36. 657 - 663. 10.1111/j.1467-8535.2005.00542spa
dcterms.referencesDippold, D., & Heron, M. (Eds.). (2021). Meaningful Teaching Interaction at the Internationalised University: Moving From Research to Impact (1st ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429329692spa
dcterms.referencesDowsett, G. (1986). Interaction in the semi-structured interview. In. Emery (Eds.) procedings of the 1st Conference on Second Language Acquisition and teaching (pp.34-87). Tokyo: International University of Japanspa
dcterms.referencesEllis, R. (1999). Learning a second language through interaction. 17. John Benjamins Publishingspa
dcterms.referencesEnglishtina, I., lhyak, N. & Mega, S. (2021). Students’ participation on speaking online class. Eternal, 12(2), 1-45spa
dcterms.referencesEscudero, A. (2021). Metasíntesis sobre la narrativa educativa durante la pandemia por covid-19. Diálogos sobre educación, 12(22), 1–28.spa
dcterms.referencesEspitia, M. & Cruz Corzo, C. (2013). Peer-feedback and online interaction: A case study. Íkala, revista de lenguaje y cultura, 18(2), 131-151.spa
dcterms.referencesFierro, C., Fortoul, B., & Rosas, L. (1999). Transformando la práctica docente: una propuesta basada en la investigación-acción [Transforming teaching practice: A proposal based on action research]. Paidós Mexicana.spa
dcterms.referencesGe, X., & Land, S. M. (2003). Scaffolding students’ problem-solving processes in an ill-structured task using question prompts and peer interactions. Educational technology research and development, 51(1), 21-38spa
dcterms.referencesGikay, A., Pina, C., & Aburumman, N. (2020). The Role of Verbal Feedback in Higher Education. ResearchGate, 1-7. doi:10.13140/RG.2.2.29179.54568spa
dcterms.referencesGillett-Swan, J. (2017). The Challenges of Online Learning Supporting and Engaging the Isolated Learner. Journal of Learning Design, 10(1), 20-30.spa
dcterms.referencesGoldman, E., & Barron, L. (1990). Using Hypermedia to Improve the Preparation of Elementary Teachers. Journal of Teacher Education, 41(3), 21–31. https://doi.org/10.1177/002248719004100304spa
dcterms.referencesGuida, R., & Dressler, R. (2022). caslt.org. https://www.caslt.org/en/blog-l2-oral-interaction-online-classroom-covid-19spa
dcterms.referencesGuo, T., Gong, Y., Shi, S., & Luan, Z. (2018). Reasons that Affect the Interaction Among Students in Virtual Learning Environment. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. (Vol. 439, No. 3, p. 032051). IOP Publishingspa
dcterms.referencesHampel, R., & Stickler, U. (2005). New skills for new classrooms: Training tutors to teach languages online. Computer assisted language learning, 18(4), 311-326spa
dcterms.referencesHawkridge, D. (2000). A brief history of critical reflection. In h801, Study Guide, section 2, part 1, The Open University, Milton Keynes, UKspa
dcterms.referencesHerrera, L. (2017). Impact of implementing a virtual learn-ing environment (vle) in the efl classroom. Íkala, Revista de Lenguaje y Cultura, 22(3), 479–498. https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.ikala.v22n03a07spa
dcterms.referencesHerrera, L., & González, D. (2017). Developing the Oral Skill in Online English Courses Framed by the Community of Inquiry. PROFILE, 19(1), 73-88spa
dcterms.referencesHiemstra, R., ed. (1982). Self-Directed Adult Learning: Some Implications for Practice. Occasional paper. Syracuse, NY: Adult Education Program, School of Educationspa
dcterms.referencesHolliste, B., Nair, P., Hill-Lindsay, S., & Chukoskie, L. (2022). frontiersin. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2022.851019/fullspa
dcterms.referencesHolmberg, B. 1986. Growth and Structure of Distance Education. Croom-Helm.spa
dcterms.referencesHora, M., & Ferrare, J. (2013). A Review of Classroom Observation Techniques in Postsecondary Settings. Wisconsin Center for Education Research, 1-17, 2-19spa
dcterms.referencesHuberman, S. (1999). Cómo se forman los capacitadores: arte y saberes de su profesión [How trainers are trained: art and knowledge of their profession]. Paidósspa
dcterms.referencesInsuasty, E. A., & Jaime-Osorio, M. F. (2020). Transforming teaching practices through collaborative work. Profile: Issues in Teachers’ Professional Development, 22(2), 65–78. https://doi.org/10.15446/profile. v22n2.8028spa
dcterms.referencesIQualify UK. (2020). iqualifyuk. https://www.iqualifyuk.com/what-is-the-difference-between-online-learning-distance-learning-and-blended-learning/#:~:text=Distance%20learning%20is%20a%20broader,are%20separate%20to%20the%20students.spa
dcterms.referencesIzquierdo, J., Aquino Zúñiga, S. P., & García Martínez, V. (2021). Foreign language education in rural schools: Struggles and initiatives among generalist teachers teaching English in Mexico. Studies in Second Language Teaching and Learn-ing, 11(1),133–156. https://doi.org/10.14746/ssllt.2021.11.1.6spa
dcterms.referencesJewitt, C. (2012). An introduction to using video for research. NCRM Working Paper. National Center for Research Methods. Retrieved from http://eprints.ncrm.ac.uk/2259/ (accesses 3 July 2015)spa
dcterms.referencesJiménez, H., & Castillo, B. (2021). Impactos de la Pandemia Covid-19 en el Rendimiento Escolar Durante la Transición a la Educación Virtual. Revista Pedagógica, 21, 1-29. doi:10.22196/rp.v22i0.6153spa
dcterms.referencesKern, R. G. (1995). Restructuring classroom interaction with networked computers: Effects on quantity and characteristics of language production. Modern Language Journal, 79, 457–476spa
dcterms.referencesKılıç, A. (2022). The impact of reflective practices on pre-service science teachers’ classroom teaching practices. Journal of Pedagogical Research, 6(1), 152-170. https://doi.org/10.33902/JPR.2022175781spa
dcterms.referencesKumar, P., Saxena, C., & Baber, H. (2021). Learner-content interaction in e-learningthe moderating role of perceived harm of COVID-19 in assessing the satisfaction of. Smart Learn. Environ. 8, 5 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40561-021-00149-8spa
dcterms.referencesKurniawan, I. A., Yusman, D., & Aprilia, I. O. (2021). Utilization of Blockchain Technology Revolution in Electronic ID Card Data Integrity. APTISI Transactions on Management (ATM), 5(2), 137-142spa
dcterms.referencesLe Cunff, AL. (n. d.). Distance learning, e-learning, online learning, or virtual learning?. Retrieved from: Distance learning, e-learning, online learning, or virtual learning? (nesslabs.com). Accessed: November 29, 2021spa
dcterms.referencesLincoln, Y; and Guba, E. (2000). Paradigmatic Controversies, Contradictions, and Emerging Confluences in Denzin, N and Lincoln, Y (ed.). Handbook of Qualitative Research. Sage Publication Incspa
dcterms.referencesLiu, F., & Maitlis, S. (2010). Nonparticipant Observation. In Albert J. Mills, G. Durepos, & E. Wiebe (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Case Study Research. (pp. 610-612). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publicationsspa
dcterms.referencesLong, M. (1996). The Role of the Linguistic Environment In Second Language Acquisition. In W. Ritchie & T. Bhatia (Eds.). Handbook of Second Language Acquisition (pp.413-468). San Diego, CA: Academic Pressspa
dcterms.referencesLuo, N., Zhang, M., & Qi, D. (2017). Effects of different interactions on students' sense of community in e-learning environment. Computers & Education, 115, 153-160spa
dcterms.referencesMalderez, A. & Bodóczky, C. (1999). Mentor courses: A resource book for trainer-trainers. Cambridge University Pressspa
dcterms.referencesMalinovsk, T., Lazarova, M., & Trajkovik, V. (2012). Learner–content interaction in distance learning models: students’ experience while using learning management systems. Int. J. Innovation in Education, 1(4), 362-363.spa
dcterms.referencesMason, R., & Rennie, F. (2006). Elearning: The key concepts. London: Routledgespa
dcterms.referencesMcDonough, J., & McDonough, S. (1997). Research Methods for English Language Teachers (1st ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315832548spa
dcterms.referencesMeidani, E.N., Pishghadam, R., & Shakeebaee, G. The role of time perspectives in language teachers’ burn-out. Current Psychology, 40,5145-5155 (2021) https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-019-00456-xspa
dcterms.referencesMerseth, K.K. (1994). Instructional methods and conceptual orientations in the design of teacher education programs: The example of simulations, hypermedia, and cases. In K.R. Howey (Ed.), The professional development of teacher educators (pp. 139–174). Cincinnati, OH: Ablex Publishing.spa
dcterms.referencesMoore, M. (1989) Editorial: Three types of interaction, American Journal of Distance Education, 3 (2), 1-7, DOI: 10.1080/08923648909526659spa
dcterms.referencesMukherjee, S. (2022). classplusapp. https://classplusapp.com/growth/challenges-faced-by-teachers-during-online-classes/spa
dcterms.referencesNadia, R., Zhang, W., & Iqbal, M. (2021). The use of technology for online classes during the global pandemic: Challenges encountered by the schoolteachers in Pakistan. Liberal Arts & Social Sciences International Journal (LASSIJ), 5(2), 193-208. /10.47264/idea.lassij/5.2.13spa
dcterms.referencesNgoc, P. (2018). Learner-content Interaction in an Online English Learning Cousr at a Vietnamese University. VNU Journal of Foreign Studies, 34(5), 1-12spa
dcterms.referencesNunan, D; & Bailey, K. (2009). Exploring second language classroom research. Heinle Cengage learningspa
dcterms.referencesNur, A., Purnawarman, P., & Suherdi, D. (2019). YouTube® for the 21st-century English language E-learning: What Works and What Doesn’t? 2nd International Conference of Computer and Informatics Engineering (IC2IE), 222-225. doi:10.1109/IC2IE47452.2019.8940857spa
dcterms.referencesOrganisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2009). Teaching Practices, Teachers’ Beliefs and Attitudes. In O. f.-o. Development, Creating Effective Teaching and Learning Environment (pp. 87-135). OECD.spa
dcterms.referencesOrnell, F., Schuch, J., Sordi, A., Henrique, F., & Kessler, P. (2020). Pandemic fear” and COVID-19: mental health burden and strategies. Scielo, 42(3). doi:10.1590/1516-4446-2020-0008spa
dcterms.referencesO'Rourke, B., & Stickler, U. (2017). Synchronous communication technologies for language learning: Promise and challenges in research and pedagogy. Language Learning in Higher Education, 1-20. doi:10.1515/cercles-2017-0009spa
dcterms.referencesPenland, P. R. 1977. Individual Self-planned Learning in America. Pittsburgh: Graduate School of Library and Information Sciences, University of Pittsburghspa
dcterms.referencesPhillips, G. M., G. M. Santoro, and S. A. Kuehn. (1988). The use of computer- mediated communication in training students in group problem solving and decision-making techniques. American Journal of Distance Education 2(1):38-51spa
dcterms.referencesPhilp, J., Adams, R., & Iwashita, N. (2014). Peer interaction and second language learning. Routledgespa
dcterms.referencesPiie, D. (2011). e-Learning, online learning, and distance learning environments: Are they the same. The Internet and Higher Education, 14(2), 129-135spa
dcterms.referencesPrado, J., Fe, L., & Mamon, E. (2022). Google Meet: An Online Platform for Class Discussion. International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews, 3(6), 3984-3994spa
dcterms.referencesRodríguez, P. D., & Vethamani, M. E. (2015). The impact of online learning in the development of speaking skills. Journal of Interdisciplinary Research in Education (JIRE), 5(1).spa
dcterms.referencesRosalina, E., Nasrullah, & Puteri, E. (2020). Teacher's Challenges Towards Online Learning in Oandemic Era. LET: Linguistics, Literature and English Teaching Journal, 10(1), 71-88spa
dcterms.referencesRuiz-Martínez, I., & Esparcia, J. (2020). Internet Access in Rural Areas: Brake or Stimulus as Post-Covid-19 Opportunity? Sustainability, 1-17. doi:10.3390/su12229619spa
dcterms.referencesSadeghi, K. & Khezrlou, S. (2016). The experience of burnout among English language teachers in Iran: self and other determinants, Teacher Development, 20(5), 1–17 https://doi.org/10.1080/13664530.2016.1185028spa
dcterms.referencesSalinas, J. (2004): Cambios metodológicos con las TIC. Estrategias didácticas y entornos virtuales de enseñanza-aprendizaje, Bordón 56, pp.3-4.spa
dcterms.referencesSchön, D. A. (1987). Jossey-Bass higher education series. Educating the reflective practitioner: Toward a new design for teaching and learning in the professions. Jossey-Bassspa
dcterms.referencesSindoni M. G. (2013) spoken and written discourse in online interactions: A multimodal approach. Routledgespa
dcterms.referencesSingh, V. & Thurman, A. (2019) How Many Ways Can We Define Online Learning? A Systematic Literature Review of Definitions of Online Learning (1988-2018), American Journal of Distance Education, 33(4), 289-306, DOI: 10.1080/08923647.2019.1663082spa
dcterms.referencesStake, R. E (2010). Qualitative research. Studying how things work. New York, NYspa
dcterms.referencesStern, B.S. (2004). A comparison of online and face-to-face instruction in an undergraduate foundations of American education course. Contemporary Issues in Technology and Teacher Education, 4(2), 196-213spa
dcterms.referencesThaba-Nkadimene, K. L. (2020). The influence of WhatsApp usage on collaborative pedagogy and social networking during teaching practice at a rural university in South Africa. Journal of African Education, 1(1), 5-23spa
dcterms.referencesTough, A. (1971). The Adult's Learning Projects: A Fresh Approach to Theory and Practice in Adult Learning. Ontario Institute for Studies in Educationspa
dcterms.referencesTrejos, O. (2018). WhatsApp as a tool to support the teaching and learning process of computer programming. Journal of Global Education Sciences, 4(2), 24–32. https://doi.org/10.32829/gesj.v4i2.178spa
dcterms.referencesTriacca, L., Bolchini, D., Botturi, L., & Inversini, A. (2004). MiLE: Systematic Usability Evaluation for E-learning Web Applications. In L. Cantoni & C. McLoughlin (Eds.), Proc. ED-MEDIA 2004 World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia & Telecommunications, Lugano, Switzerlandspa
dcterms.referencesWarschauer, M. (1996). Comparing face-to-face and electronic communication in the second language classroom. CALICO Journal, 13, 7–26.spa
dcterms.referencesWaseem, M., Shrikant, S., Samad, A., & Banu, S. (2014). An Approach towards text messaging to voice message for Smart Android phone. 2(8-9), 18-23spa
dcterms.referencesWiemeyer, L., Großkurth, E.-M., & Zeaiter, S. (2014). Social media in the foreign language classroom: Promoting oral communication skills online. (pp. 1-52). Marburg: Kongress der Gesellschaft für Angewandte Linguistik. doi:10.13140/2.1.3590.4006spa
dcterms.referencesWorld Bank. 2021. Informe sobre el desarrollo mundial 2021 : Datos para una vida mejor. Washington, DC: World Bank. © World Bank. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/35218 License: CC BY 3.0 IGOspa
dcterms.referencesYin, R. K. (2003). Case study research: Design and methods (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sagespa
dcterms.referencesZhang, Y., & Lin, C.-H. (2019). Student interaction and the role of the instructor in a virtual high school: What predicts online learning satisfaction? Technology, Pedagogy, and Education, 1(20), 1-31. doi:10.1080/1475939X.2019.1694061spa
dcterms.referencesZimmerman, T. (2012). Exploring Learner to Content Interaction as a Success Factor in Online Courses. International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, 13(4), 151-165. doi:10.19173/irrodl.v13i4.1302spa
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.accessrightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2spa
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
Archivos
Bloque original
Mostrando 1 - 2 de 2
Cargando...
Miniatura
Nombre:
Bohorquezrodriguezdeimerdavid.pdf
Tamaño:
2.21 MB
Formato:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Descripción:
No hay miniatura disponible
Nombre:
Formato de autorizacion.pdf
Tamaño:
619.69 KB
Formato:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Descripción:
Bloque de licencias
Mostrando 1 - 1 de 1
No hay miniatura disponible
Nombre:
license.txt
Tamaño:
14.48 KB
Formato:
Item-specific license agreed upon to submission
Descripción:
Colecciones