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Efecto de ácidos grasos poliinsaturados en el metabolismo de tilapia nilótica (Oreochromis niloticus) alimentados con dietas suplementadas con diferentes fuentes de aceite vegetal

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dc.contributor.advisorPrieto Guevara, Martha Janethspa
dc.contributor.advisorYepes Blandón, Jonny Andrésspa
dc.contributor.authorMéndez Páez, Ana Paola
dc.date.accessioned2022-06-14T20:08:10Z
dc.date.available2023-05-08
dc.date.available2022-06-14T20:08:10Z
dc.date.issued2022-05-23
dc.description.abstractFish farming is a growing economy that requires large quantities of fishmeal and fish oil, increasing the extraction of pelagic fish, negatively impacting marine ecosystems, making fish production environmentally and economically unsustainable. It is necessary to search for new diets that reduce pollution and the use of fish as food in fish farming systems. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of different vegetable sources of fatty acids (FA) in the diet on the metabolism of tilapia broodstock cultured in a recirculating water system (RAS). Thirty-two 250 L experimental units were used, with 20 fish each, distributed in 16 tanks for males, 16 for females; 4 treatments supplemented with 4 sources of FA (palm oil (PA), corn oil (MA), sacha oil (SA) and sacha-maize oil (SAM)), each treatment had four replicates. The effects of AG sources were analyzed in AG profiles in liver, muscle and gonad; fillet proximal composition, fish performance parameters (initial weight (IP), final weight (FP), final size (TF), weight gain (WG), length gain (GL), specific growth factor (SGR %), survival percentage (% S) and feed conversion ratio (FCR)) and metabolic parameters. In general, males presented greater increases in weight, length, and consumption; gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indices were higher in females. The GA profiles suggest de novo synthesis of GA from 16- and 18-carbon GA. In liver, muscle and gonad, C18:2n-6 and C18:3n-3 FA content decreased in relation to dietary content, while C18:0 increased in tissues. The proximal composition of the fillet did not show outliers. In conclusion, the inclusion of vegetable oils in the tilapia diet modifies lipid profiles, but does not negatively affect fillet proximal composition.eng
dc.description.degreelevelMaestríaspa
dc.description.degreenameMagíster en Ciencias Ambientalesspa
dc.description.modalityTrabajos de Investigación y/o Extensiónspa
dc.description.resumenEl cultivo de peces es una economía creciente que requiere grandes cantidades de harina y aceite de pescado, incrementado la extracción de peces pelágico, impactando negativamente los ecosistemas marinos, haciendo insustentable ambiental y económicamente la producción piscícola. Es necesaria la búsqueda de nuevas dietas que disminuyan la contaminación y el uso de peces como alimento en sistemas piscícolas. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar los efectos de diferentes fuentes vegetales de ácidos grasos (AG) en la dieta, sobre el metabolismo de reproductores de tilapia cultivados en sistema de recirculación de agua (RAS). Se usaron 32 unidades experimentales de 250 L, con 20 peces cada una, distribuidos en 16 taques para macho, 16 para hembras; 4 tratamientos suplementados con 4 fuentes de AG (aceite de palma (AP), aceite de maíz (AM), aceite de sacha (AS) y aceite de sacha-maíz (AMS)), cada tratamiento contó con cuatro replicas. Se analizaron los efectos de fuentes AG, en perfiles de AG en hígado, músculo y gónada; composición proximal del filete, parámetros de desempeño en los peces (Peso inicial (PI), Peso final (PF), Talla final (TF), Ganancia en peso (GP), Ganancia en longitud (GL), Factor de crecimiento específico (TCE %), Porcentaje de sobrevivencia (% S) y Tasa de conversión alimentaria (FCA)) y parámetros metabólicos. A nivel general, los machos presentaron mayor incremento en peso, talla, y consumo; índices gonadosomático y hepatosomático fueron más altos en hembras. Los perfiles de AG sugieren síntesis de novo de AG, a partir de AG de 16 y 18 carbonos. En hígado, músculo y gónada los contenidos AG C18:2n-6 y C18:3n3 disminuyeron con relación al contenido en dieta, mientras que C18:0 incrementó su contenido en los tejidos. La composición proximal del filete no mostró valores atípicos. En conclusión, la inclusión de aceites vegetales en la dieta de tilapia modifica los perfiles lipídicos, pero no afecta negativamente la composición proximal del filete.spa
dc.description.tableofcontentsINTRODUCCIÓN 17spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2. OBJETIVOS 21spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2.1. OBJETIVO GENERAL 21spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2.2. OBJETIVOS ESPECÍFICOS 21spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3. MARCO TEÓRICO Y ANTECEDENTES 22spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.1. MARCO TEÓRICO 22spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.1.1. Implicación ambiental y socioeconómica del uso de harina y aceite de pescado en la acuicultura. 22spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.1.2. Impacto de la dieta tradicional sobre el ambiente, sustitución de la dieta en peces de cultivo. 25spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.1.3. Calidad del agua, sistemas RAS y ambiente. 28spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.1.4. Bioecología, morfología y cultivo de tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). 30spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.1.5. Composición de la dieta de tilapia en cultivo. 34spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.1.6. Ácidos grasos, biosíntesis e importancia en la nutrición de tilapia y la seguridad alimentaria. 37spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.1.7. Parámetros metabólicos y su importancia en la nutrición de peces. 42spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.2. ANTECEDENTES 45spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4. METODOLOGÍA 55spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.1. LOCALIZACIÓN 55spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.2. DIETAS EXPERIMENTALES 56spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.3. SISTEMA DE CULTIVO Y UNIDADES EXPERIMENTALES 58spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.4. MATERIAL BIOLÓGICO 58spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.5. COLECTA Y PRESERVACIÓN DE MUESTRAS 59spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.6. PARÁMETROS DE DESEMPEÑO 60spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.7. GLUCOSA, TRIGLICÉRIDOS Y PROTEÍNAS 61spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.8. PERFIL DE ÁCIDOS GRASOS 62spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.9. COMPOSICIÓN PROXIMAL 63spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.10. DISEÑO EXPERIMENTAL Y ANÁLISIS ESTADÍSTICO 63spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5. RESULTADOS Y DISCUSIÓN 64spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.1.1. Parámetros de desempeño de tilapia nilótica. 64spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.1.2. Índice gonadosomático e índice hepatosomático. 65spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.1.4. Parámetros metabólicos en hígado. 66spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.1.5. Parámetros metabólicos en músculo. 67spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.1.6. Perfil de ácidos grasos en hígado. 68spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.1.7. Perfil de ácidos grasos en músculo. 70spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.1.8. Perfiles lipídicos en gónada. 72spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.1.9. Composición proximal del filete. 74spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.2. ANÁLISIS Y DISCUSIÓN: 76spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5. CONCLUSIONES 85spa
dc.description.tableofcontents6. RECOMENDACIONES 86spa
dc.description.tableofcontentsREFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS 87spa
dc.description.tableofcontentsANEXOS 113spa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unicordoba.edu.co/handle/ucordoba/5208
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisherMinciencias (convocatoria 538 de 2014 y 272 de 2015).spa
dc.publisherApoyo: Grupo de Investigación GRICA de la Universidad de Antioquia, Grupo de Investigación GIPEN de la Piscícola San Silvestre S.A, Grupo de Investigación IALL de la Universidad de los Llanos y Centro de investigaciones Piscícolas de la Universidad de Córdoba CINPICspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Ciencias Básicasspa
dc.publisher.placeMontería, Córdoba, Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.programBiologíaspa
dc.rightsCopyright Universidad de Córdoba, 2022spa
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessspa
dc.rights.creativecommonsAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)spa
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/spa
dc.subject.keywordsProductive performanceeng
dc.subject.keywordsFish nutritioneng
dc.subject.keywordsLipid metabolismeng
dc.subject.keywordsSustainabilityeng
dc.subject.proposalDesempeño productivospa
dc.subject.proposalMetabolismo de lípidosspa
dc.subject.proposalNutrición de pecesspa
dc.subject.proposalSostenibilidadspa
dc.titleEfecto de ácidos grasos poliinsaturados en el metabolismo de tilapia nilótica (Oreochromis niloticus) alimentados con dietas suplementadas con diferentes fuentes de aceite vegetalspa
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestríaspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdccspa
dc.type.contentTextspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisspa
dc.type.redcolhttps://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TM
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/submittedVersionspa
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