Publicación:
Efecto del cambio climático en la biodisponibilidad de elementos potencialmente tóxicos en el cultivo de arroz (Oryza Sativa l.) desarrollados en suelos mineros en el departamento de Córdoba

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dc.audience
dc.contributor.advisorMarrugo-Negrete, José
dc.contributor.advisorUrango Cárdenas, Iván David
dc.contributor.authorLaza Durante, Marisol
dc.contributor.juryDiaz Uribe, Carlos Enrique
dc.contributor.juryMendoza Guerra, Yoma Isabel
dc.date.accessioned2024-08-21T15:09:06Z
dc.date.available2028-08-16
dc.date.available2024-08-21T15:09:06Z
dc.date.issued2024-08-16
dc.description.abstractLa biodisponibilidad y movilidad del mercurio (Hg) y cadmio (Cd) en el suelo estuvieron influenciadas por factores como la temperatura, la precipitación, la absorción, la difusión y la formación de complejos con materiales orgánicos, entre otros. Es importante destacar que la aplicación de enmiendas orgánicas puede reducir la biodisponibilidad del Hg. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto del cambio climático en la biodisponibilidad de los elementos potencialmente tóxicos (Hg y Cd) en el cultivo de arroz (Oryza sativa L.) desarrollado en suelos mineros del departamento de Córdoba. El área de estudio comprendió la cuenca del río San Jorge, ubicada en el departamento de Córdoba, donde se tomaron muestras de suelos afectados por la minería aurífera. El ensayo se llevó a cabo en un invernadero de la Universidad de Córdoba. Para ello, se utilizó compost elaborado con tres diferentes proporciones de material contaminado (25, 50 y 75%). Este compost se mezcló en una proporción de 1:10 con el suelo, obteniendo cuatro tratamientos: S (control), SC 25%, SC 50% y SC 75%. Posteriormente, los tratamientos fueron sometidos a un proceso de tratamiento térmico mediante la metodología de solarización durante un mes, lo que generó diferentes temperaturas según las coberturas plásticas utilizadas. Luego de este tratamiento térmico, se procedió a la siembra de plantas de arroz. A partir de este experimento, se evaluaron las concentraciones totales y biodisponibles de Hg y Cd en los suelos, así como las concentraciones de estos elementos en los granos de arroz, lo que proporcionó un indicativo de la disponibilidad de Hg y Cd en el suelo. Los resultados obtenidos indicaron que la biodisponibilidad de Hg mostró una mayor dependencia de la temperatura, es decir, se volvió más disponible a medida que la temperatura del suelo aumentó. En cuanto al Cd, solo se observaron ligeros incrementos que no fueron estadísticamente significativos. Por su parte, la adición de compost tuvo un efecto positivo al reducir la disponibilidad de estos elementos en el suelo; sin embargo, este efecto fue inverso cuando se sometió a altas temperaturas.spa
dc.description.degreelevelMaestría
dc.description.degreenameMagíster en Ciencias Ambientales
dc.description.modalityTrabajos de Investigación y/o Extensión
dc.description.tableofcontentsRESUMENspa
dc.description.tableofcontents1 INTRODUCCIÓN..............................................13spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2 MARCO REFERENCIAL............................16spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2.1 ANTECEDENTES..............................................16spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2.2 MARCO TEÓRICO................................17spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2.2.1 Mercurio............................................17spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2.2.2 Cadmio.............................18spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2.2.3 Suelos contaminados por mercurio..............................19spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2.2.4 Suelos contaminados por cadmio.........................19spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2.2.5 Toxicidad de mercurio en la salud humana........................19spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2.2.6 Toxicidad de cadmio en la salud humana...........................20spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2.2.7 Mercurio en el cultivo de arroz............................................21spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2.2.8 Cadmio en el cultivo de arroz..............................22spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2.3 CAMBIO CLIMÁTICO.....................................................23spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2.4 COMPOST COMO ENMIENDA ORGÁNICA...............................24spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2.5 Marco normativo.......................................25spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2.5.1 Mercurio.....................................25spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2.5.2 Cadmio...............................26spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3 OBJETIVOS........................................27spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.1 OBJETIVO GENERAL.........................................27spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.2 OBJETIVO ESPECÍFICO...........................................27spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4 MARCO METODOLÓGICO.....................................28spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.1 FASES DE LA INVESTIGACIÓN.............................................28spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.1.1 Muestreo y preparación de suelos........................28spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.1.2 Tratamiento térmico del suelo.......................................30spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.2 DISEÑO EXPERIMENTAL...........................................31spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.3 ANÁLISIS FISICOQUÍMICO DEL SUELO....................................32spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.4 DETERMINACIÓN DE Hg Y Cd..................................33spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.4.1 Análisis de Hg para suelos y plantas.....................................33spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.4.2 Análisis de Cd para suelos y plantas...............................33spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.4.3 Biodisponibilidad de Hg....................................34spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.4.4 Biodisponibilidad de Cd.......................................34spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.4.5 Control de calidad analítico.................................................34spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.5 ESPECIE VEGETAL Y SEGUIMIENTO DEL CULTIVO............................35spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.6 FACTOR DE TRANSLOCACIÓN Y BIOCONCENTRACIÓN.........................................35spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.7 RIESGO A LA SALUD DEBIDO POR LA EXPOSICIÓN DE Hg Y Cd...........................36spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.8 ANÁLISIS ESTADÍSTICO.................................37spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5 RESULTADOS Y DISCUSIÓN...................................................38spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.1 PROPIEDADES FÍSICO – QUÍMICAS DE LOS SUELOS..........................38spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.1.1 Caracterización del compost elaborado bajo tres proporciones de biomasa vegetal contaminada.............................40spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.2 CONCENTRACIONES TOTALES DE ELEMENTOS POTENCIALMENTE TÓXICOS (Hg y Cd) EN LOS SUELOS..............................41spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.2.1 Concentraciones de elementos potencialmente tóxicos (Hg y Cd) en los suelos bajo tratamiento térmico.................42spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.3 BIODISPONIBILIDAD DE ELEMENTOS POTENCIALMENTE TÓXICOS EN SUELOS MINEROS ENMENDADOS CON COMPOST BAJO EL EFECTO DE AUMENTO DE TEMPERATURA... 44spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.3.1 Biodisponibilidad de elementos potencialmente tóxicos (Hg y Cd) en los suelos bajo tratamiento térmico...........45spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.4 COMPONENTE FISIOLÓGICO.......................................48spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.5 CONCENTRACIONES DE ELEMENTOS POTENCIALMENTE TÓXICOS (Hg y Cd) EN LA PLANTA................................................52spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.5.1 Concentraciones de HgT en raíz y hojas...............................52spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.5.2 Concentraciones de CdT en raíz y hojas....................... 54spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.6 CONCENTRACIÓN DE ELEMENTOS POTENCIALMENTE TÓXICOS (Hg y Cd) EN LOS GRANOS...............................................56spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.7 FACTORES DE TRANSLOCACIÓN Y BIOCONCENTRACIÓN..........................59spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5.8 RIESGO A LA SALUD DEBIDO POR LA EXPOSICIÓN DE Hg Y Cd.....................60spa
dc.description.tableofcontents6 CONCLUSIONES..........................................62spa
dc.description.tableofcontents7 RECOMENDACIONES....................... 63spa
dc.description.tableofcontents8 REFERENCIAS.......................................64spa
dc.description.tableofcontents9 ANEXOS..............................................91spa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad de Córdoba
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Unicórdoba
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unicordoba.edu.co
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unicordoba.edu.co/handle/ucordoba/8577
dc.language.isospa
dc.publisherUniversidad de Córdoba
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Ciencias Básicas
dc.publisher.placeMontería, Córdoba, Colombia
dc.publisher.programMaestría en Ciencias Ambientales
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dc.rightsCopyright Universidad de Córdoba, 2024
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess
dc.rights.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_f1cf
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.sourceUniversidad de Córdoba
dc.subject.keywordsBioavailability
dc.subject.keywordsTemperature rise
dc.subject.keywordsComposting
dc.subject.keywordsAmendment
dc.subject.keywordsMercury
dc.subject.keywordsRice
dc.subject.proposalBiodisponibilidad
dc.subject.proposalAumento de temperatura
dc.subject.proposalCompostaje
dc.subject.proposalEnmienda
dc.subject.proposalMercurio
dc.subject.proposalArroz
dc.titleEfecto del cambio climático en la biodisponibilidad de elementos potencialmente tóxicos en el cultivo de arroz (Oryza Sativa l.) desarrollados en suelos mineros en el departamento de Córdobaspa
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestría
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa
dc.type.contentText
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TM
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dspace.entity.typePublication
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