Publicación:
Larvicultura de bagre sapo Pseudopimelodus atricaudus con diferentes tipos de alimentos

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dc.contributor.advisorAtencio García, Víctor Julio
dc.contributor.advisorMadariaga Mendoza, Diana Luz
dc.contributor.authorAlarcón Martínez, Luis Fernando
dc.contributor.juryFernánadez Méndez, Christian Jesús
dc.contributor.juryRamírez Merlano, Juan Antonio
dc.date.accessioned2025-06-27T21:17:13Z
dc.date.available2026-06-27
dc.date.available2025-06-27T21:17:13Z
dc.date.issued2025-06-27
dc.description.abstractA pesar de la gran biodiversidad íctica colombiana, la piscicultura se limita a pocas especies, de las cuales gran parte son especies introducidas que podrían perturbar los ambientes naturales. Por tanto, es importante la diversificación con especies nativas, mediante el desarrollo de tecnologías de producción sostenibles. El P. atricaudus es un Siluriforme que cuenta con características aprovechables para diversificar la piscicultura continental colombiana; además, es una especie que forma parte de la seguridad alimentaria de las poblaciones aledañas en el Bajo río Cauca. La larvicultura es una etapa crítica en la producción piscícola, en la que se viabilizan las larvas mediante un manejo adecuado de las condiciones y la alimentación, que garanticen mayores porcentajes de sobrevivencia e incrementen las posibilidades de éxito en las etapas posteriores del ciclo productivo de una especie. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar cuatro tipos de alimentos en la larvicultura de P. atricaudus. El experimento se desarrolló en el Instituto de Investigaciones Piscícolas de la Universidad de Córdoba (CINPIC) mediante dos ensayos. En el primer ensayo (manejo de la primera alimentación), se utilizaron 1200 larvas vitelínicas, distribuidas en 12 acuarios de 5 L de volumen útil (20 larvas/L). Durante diez días, fueron alimentadas con cuatro tipos de alimentos al inicio de la alimentación exógena: nauplios de Artemia (NA), zooplancton silvestre <400 µm (ZS<400 µm), zooplancton silvestre >400 µm (ZS>400 µm) y cistos de Artemia descapsulados (CA), todos suministrados a razón de 10 presas/mL. Posteriormente, se realizó un ensayo de alevinaje (ensayo 2), en el cual se evaluó el efecto de la primera alimentación en el alevinaje durante 23 días, con las dos mejores presas del ensayo anterior (NA y ZS>400 µm). Se manejó una densidad de 50 individuos/m3, realizándose una transición de tres días a dieta seca con 38.0% de proteína bruta. Se caracterizaron morfológicamente las larvas al inicio de la alimentación exógena mediante análisis merístico y morfométrico, se analizaron histológicamente los pliegues intestinales y se evaluó el desempeño zootécnico en ambos ensayos. Los resultados sugieren que P. atricaudus inicia la alimentación exógena a las 30 horas post-eclosión, con un ancho máximo de la abertura bucal de 611.4±11.7 µm, una longitud total de 5.2±0.01 mm y un peso total de 1.5±0.02 mg. En el primer ensayo, las mayores ganancias en longitud (13.7±0.2 mm) y peso (94.6±1.8 mg) se registraron en las larvas alimentadas con ZS>400 µm (p<0.05). Asimismo, este tratamiento presentó la mayor sobrevivencia (91.2±2.2%), con diferencias significativas respecto a NA (73.2±2.5%) y CA (47.0±8.7%). Al evaluar la influencia de la primera alimentación en el alevinaje, los individuos del tratamiento NA mostraron el mejor crecimiento (p<0.05), mientras que la sobrevivencia y resistencia al estrés no mostraron diferencias significativas (NA y ZS>400 µm; p>0.05). Los resultados del presente estudio sugieren que el manejo de la primera alimentación de P. atricaudus es posible con zooplancton silvestre mayor de 400 µm o con nauplios de Artemia, produciendo juveniles de buena calidad en la fase de alevinaje.spa
dc.description.abstractDespite Colombia's vast ichthyological biodiversity, aquaculture is limited to a few species, many of which are introduced and may disrupt natural environments. Therefore, diversification with native species is essential through the development of sustainable production technologies. The Pseudopimelodus. atricaudus, a Siluriform species, possesses advantageous characteristics for expanding Colombia's inland aquaculture. Additionally, this species plays a crucial role in the food security of communities near the Lower Cauca River. Larviculture is a critical stage in fish production, where larvae viability is ensured through proper environmental and feeding management, increasing survival rates and enhancing the likelihood of success in later stages of the production cycle. This study aimed to evaluate four types of feed in the larviculture of P. atricaudus. The experiment was conducted at the Fish Research Institute of the University of Córdoba (CINPIC) in two trials. In the first trial (first feeding management), 1,200 yolk-sac larvae were distributed in 12 aquaria with a usable volume of 5 L (20 larvae/L). For ten days, they were fed with four different prey types at the onset of exogenous feeding: Artemia nauplii (NA), wild zooplankton <400 µm (ZS<400 µm), wild zooplankton >400 µm (ZS>400 µm), and decapsulated Artemia cysts (CA), all provided at a density of 10 prey/mL. Subsequently, a fry trial (Trial 2) was conducted to assess the effect of initial feeding on the fry over 23 days, using the two best-performing prey from the previous trial (NA and ZS>400 µm). A stocking density of 50 individuals/m³ was used, transitioning to a dry diet with 38.0% crude protein over three days. Morphological characterization of larvae at the onset of exogenous feeding was performed through meristic and morphometric analysis, intestinal folds were histologically examined, and zootechnical performance was evaluated in both trials. Results suggest that P. atricaudus begins exogenous feeding at 30 hours post-hatching, with a maximum mouth gape width of 611.4±11.7 µm, a total length of 5.2±0.01 mm, and a total weight of 1.5±0.02 mg. In the first trial, the highest gains in length (13.7±0.2 mm) and weight (94.6±1.8 mg) were recorded in larvae fed ZS>400 µm (p<0.05). Likewise, this treatment resulted in the highest survival rate (91.2±2.2%), with significant differences compared to NA (73.2±2.5%) and CA (47.0±8.7%). When evaluating the influence of first feeding on the fry, individuals from the NA treatment exhibited the highest growth (p<0.05), whereas survival and stress resistance showed no significant differences (NA and ZS>400 µm; p>0.05). The findings of this study suggest that the first feeding of P. atricaudus can be successfully managed with wild zooplankton larger than 400 µm or Artemia nauplii, yielding high-quality juveniles during the fry.eng
dc.description.degreelevelMaestría
dc.description.degreenameMagíster en Acuicultura Tropical
dc.description.modalityTrabajos de Investigación y/o Extensión
dc.description.tableofcontentsINTRODUCCIÓNspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsOBJETIVOSspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsObjetivo generalspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsObjetivos especificosspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsTaxonomía de P. atricaudusspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsBioecologia de P. atricaudusspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsManejo de primera alimentación y larviculturaspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsArtemia como alimento vivospa
dc.description.tableofcontentsZooplancton silvestrespa
dc.description.tableofcontentsDesafíos en la larvicultura de nuevas especies de pecesspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsMATERIALES Y MÉTODOSspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsLocalizaciónspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsObtención de larvas de primera alimentación exógenaspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsCaracterización morfológica y morfométrica de larvas de P. atricaudus al inicio de alimentación exógenaspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsENSAYO DE MANEJO DE LA PRIMERA ALIMENTACIÓNspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsAnálisis del crecimiento, sobrevivencia y resistencia al estrés en el manejo de la primera alimentación de P. atricaudusspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsCaracterísticas del intestino de larvas de P. atricaudusspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsENSAYO DE ALEVINAJEspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsAnálisis del crecimiento, sobrevivencia y prueba de resistencia al estrés en el alevinaje de P. atricaudusspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsCALIDAD DEL AGUAspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsANÁLISIS ESTADÍSTICOspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsASPECTOS ÉTICOSspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsRESULTADOSspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsCARACTERIZACIÓN MORFOLÓGICA Y MORFOMÉTRICA DE LARVAS DE P. atricaudus AL INICIO DE LA PRIMERA ALIMENTACIÓN EXÓGENAspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsENSAYO DE MANEJO DE LA PRIMERA ALIMENTACIÓN EXÓGENAspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsParámetros zootécnicosspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsHistología intestinalspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsCalidad del aguaspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsENSAYO DE ALEVINAJEspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsCalidad del aguaspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsDISCUSIÓNspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsCARACTERÍSTICAS MORFOLÓGICAS Y MORFOMÉTRICAS DE P. atricaudus AL INICIO DE LA ALIMENTACIÓN EXÓGENAspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsDESEMPEÑO ZOOTÉCNICO EN EL MANEJO DE LA PRIMERA ALIMENTACIÓNspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsDESEMPEÑO ZOOTÉCNICO EN EL ALEVINAJEspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsCALIDAD DEL AGUAspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsCONCLUSIONESspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsREFERENCIASspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsANEXOSspa
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad de Córdoba
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Institucional Unicórdoba
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unicordoba.edu.co
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unicordoba.edu.co/handle/ucordoba/9228
dc.language.isospa
dc.publisherUniversidad de Córdoba
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia
dc.publisher.placeMontería, Córdoba, Colombia
dc.publisher.programMaestría en Acuicultura Tropical
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dc.rightsCopyright Universidad de Córdoba, 2025
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess
dc.rights.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_f1cf
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subject.keywordsArtemia
dc.subject.keywordsConservation
dc.subject.keywordsFry
dc.subject.keywordsFood live
dc.subject.keywordsFish culture
dc.subject.proposalArtemia
dc.subject.proposalAlevinaje
dc.subject.proposalConservación
dc.subject.proposalAlimentos vivos
dc.subject.proposalPiscicultura
dc.titleLarvicultura de bagre sapo Pseudopimelodus atricaudus con diferentes tipos de alimentosspa
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestría
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa
dc.type.contentText
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TM
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dspace.entity.typePublication
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