Publicación:
Evaluación de la producción de Biochar por medio de pirólisis lenta de residuos de la agroindustria del maíz en un reactor alotérmico

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dc.audience
dc.contributor.advisorMendoza Fandiño, Jorge Mario
dc.contributor.advisorGómez Vásquez, Rafael David
dc.contributor.authorRhenals Hoyos, Jorge Emilio
dc.contributor.juryRhenals, Jesus
dc.contributor.juryDoria Oviedo, Miguel Emigdio
dc.date.accessioned2024-04-04T13:00:28Z
dc.date.available2024-04-04T13:00:28Z
dc.date.issued2024-02-24
dc.description.abstractEl estudio se enfocó en evaluar la producción de biochar a partir de residuos de la agroindustria del maíz mediante pirólisis lenta en un reactor alotérmico. En primer lugar, se caracterizó la biomasa mediante análisis termoquímicos y físicos, revelando que tasas de calentamiento más altas resultaron en una liberación más rápida de volátiles durante la pirólisis de la tusa de maíz. Además, se encontró consistencia en los niveles de carbono, hidrógeno y nitrógeno, aunque las diferencias en la humedad podrían atribuirse a diversos factores. Se llevaron a cabo experimentos de pirólisis lenta de la biomasa, observando variaciones en la cantidad de biochar producido según diferentes configuraciones experimentales de temperatura y tasa de calentamiento. Se concluyó que se logró la producción de biochar bajo estas condiciones, destacando la influencia de los parámetros de proceso en el resultado final. Por último, se enfocó en caracterizar el biochar obtenido, encontrando que tanto la temperatura de pirólisis como la tasa de calentamiento son determinantes en su rendimiento y propiedades texturales. Al aumentar la temperatura se mejoró la calidad del biochar al incrementar su área superficial y rendimiento. Asimismo, una tasa de calentamiento más rápida aumentó la porosidad y el área superficial, pero disminuyó el rendimiento. Se sugiere que futuras investigaciones profundicen en la caracterización del biochar, centrándose en su capacidad para retener nutrientes y contaminantes, su estabilidad estructural y su capacidad de absorción de agua, para así explorar aún más sus aplicaciones potenciales.spa
dc.description.abstractThe study focused on evaluating biochar production from maize agro-industrial residues through slow pyrolysis in an allothermal reactor. Biomass was first characterized using thermochemical and physical analyses, revealing that higher heating rates resulted in faster release of volatiles during maize cob pyrolysis. Consistency was found in carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen levels, although differences in moisture could be attributed to various factors. Slow pyrolysis experiments were conducted on the biomass, observing variations in biochar yield according to different experimental configurations of temperature and heating rate. It was concluded that biochar production was achieved under these conditions, highlighting the influence of process parameters on the final outcome. Lastly, focus was placed on characterizing the obtained biochar, finding that both pyrolysis temperature and heating rate are determining factors in its yield and textural properties. Increasing temperature improved biochar quality by enhancing its surface area and yield. Likewise, a faster heating rate increased porosity and surface area but decreased yield. Future research is suggested to delve deeper into biochar characterization, focusing on its capacity to retain nutrients and contaminants, structural stability, and water absorption capacity, in order to further explore its potential applications.eng
dc.description.degreelevelMaestría
dc.description.degreenameMagíster en Ingeniería Mecánica
dc.description.modalityTrabajos de Investigación y/o Extensión
dc.description.tableofcontentsRESUMEN .................................................................................................................. 1
dc.description.tableofcontentsABSTRACT.................................................................................................................. 2
dc.description.tableofcontents1. Capítulo I. Descripción del trabajo de investigación ..................................... 3
dc.description.tableofcontents1.1. Introducción. .................................................................................................. 3
dc.description.tableofcontents1.2. Objetivos. ........................................................................................................ 5
dc.description.tableofcontents1.2.1. Objetivo general. ........................................................................................5
dc.description.tableofcontents1.2.2. Objetivos específicos. ...............................................................................5
dc.description.tableofcontents1.3. Estructura de la tesis. ................................................................................. 6
dc.description.tableofcontents1.4. Revisión de literatura. ................................................................................ 7
dc.description.tableofcontents1.4.1. Biomasa .....................................................................................................7
dc.description.tableofcontents1.4.1.1. Composición química de la biomasa ...................................................7
dc.description.tableofcontents1.4.1.2. Caracterización de la biomasa. ................................................................8
dc.description.tableofcontents1.4.1.3. Conversión de la biomasa ......................................................................9
dc.description.tableofcontents1.4.2. Pirólisis .......................................................................................................10
dc.description.tableofcontents1.4.3. Biochar ..................................................................................................... 10
dc.description.tableofcontents1.4.3.1. Caracterización físico química del biochar ....................................... 11
dc.description.tableofcontents1.4.4. Análisis termogravimétrico (TGA) .......................................................... 11
dc.description.tableofcontents1.4.5. Método BET ..................................................................................................12
dc.description.tableofcontents1.5. Estado del arte ............................................................................................. 12
dc.description.tableofcontents2. Capítulo II. Caracterización de la biomasa...................................................18
dc.description.tableofcontents2.1. Introducción. ................................................................................................. 18
dc.description.tableofcontents2.2. Materiales y Métodos. ...............................................................................19
dc.description.tableofcontents2.2.1. Análisis termoquímico. ...........................................................................19
dc.description.tableofcontents2.2.2. Análisis Elemental. ..................................................................................... 19
dc.description.tableofcontents2.3. Resultados. .................................................................................................... 20
dc.description.tableofcontents2.3.1. Análisis termoquímico ................................................................................ 20
dc.description.tableofcontents2.3.2. Análisis Elemental ................................................................................... 21
dc.description.tableofcontents2.4. Conclusiones ....................................................................................................22
dc.description.tableofcontents3. Capítulo III. Pirólisis de la biomasa. ................................................................. 23
dc.description.tableofcontents3.1. Introducción. ..................................................................................................23
dc.description.tableofcontents3.2. Materiales y Métodos. .....................................................................................25
dc.description.tableofcontents3.3. Resultados ..................................................................................................... 29
dc.description.tableofcontents3.4. Conclusiones ....................................................................................................31
dc.description.tableofcontents4. Capítulo IV. Caracterización del biochar. .....................................................32
dc.description.tableofcontents4.1. Introducción ............................................................................................... 32
dc.description.tableofcontents4.2. Materiales y Métodos. ............................................................................... 33
dc.description.tableofcontents4.2.1. Determinación del Rendimiento del Biochar ....................................... 33
dc.description.tableofcontents4.2.2. Medición de la Porosidad del Biochar ................................................... 34
dc.description.tableofcontents4.2.3. Análisis del rendimiento y la porosidad del biochar ........................... 35
dc.description.tableofcontents4.3. Resultados .......................................................................................................35
dc.description.tableofcontents4.3.1. Determinación del Rendimiento del Biochar ........................................35
dc.description.tableofcontents4.3.2. Medición de la Porosidad del Biochar ................................................... 37
dc.description.tableofcontents4.3.3. Análisis del rendimiento y la porosidad del biochar ............................. 39
dc.description.tableofcontents4.3.3.1. Análisis del rendimiento ....................................................................... 41
dc.description.tableofcontents4.3.3.2. Análisis de la porosidad del biochar .................................................. 46
dc.description.tableofcontents4.4. Conclusiones ................................................................................................ 52
dc.description.tableofcontents5. Conclusiones Generales y futuros trabajos. .................................................54
dc.description.tableofcontents5.1. Futuros trabajos............................................................................................ 54
dc.description.tableofcontents5.1.1. Optimización de Parámetros de Pirólisis................................................54
dc.description.tableofcontents5.1.2. Estudio de Características Específicas del Biochar.............................. 55
dc.description.tableofcontents5.1.3. Investigación sobre Alternativas de Materias Primas......................... 55
dc.description.tableofcontents6. Bibliografía. ......................................................................................................56
dc.format.extentPáginas
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.instnameUniversidad de Córdoba
dc.identifier.reponameRepositorio Universidad de Córdoba
dc.identifier.repourlhttps://repositorio.unicordoba.edu.co
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unicordoba.edu.co/handle/ucordoba/8263
dc.language.isospa
dc.publisherUniversidad de Córdoba
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Ingeniería
dc.publisher.placeMontería, Córdoba, Colombia
dc.publisher.programMaestría en Ingeniería Mecánica
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dc.rightsCopyright Universidad de Córdoba, 2024
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
dc.rights.licenseAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subject.keywordsBiochar
dc.subject.keywordsPyrolysis
dc.subject.keywordsHeating rate
dc.subject.keywordsBiomass
dc.subject.keywordsCorn cob
dc.subject.proposalBiochar
dc.subject.proposalPirólisis
dc.subject.proposalTasa de calentamiento
dc.subject.proposalBiomasa
dc.subject.proposalTusa de maíz
dc.titleEvaluación de la producción de Biochar por medio de pirólisis lenta de residuos de la agroindustria del maíz en un reactor alotérmicospa
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestría
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa
dc.type.contentText
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
dc.type.redcolhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TM
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dspace.entity.typePublication
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