Publicación:
Caracterización de variedades e híbridos de arroz bajo condiciones controladas para tolerancia a altas temperaturas y sequía

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dc.contributor.advisorAraméndiz Tatis, Hermes
dc.contributor.authorVargas Mendoza, Yani Sandrid
dc.date.accessioned2022-02-28T02:08:29Z
dc.date.available2026-02-27
dc.date.available2022-02-28T02:08:29Z
dc.date.issued2022-02-27
dc.description.abstractEnvironmental stress is one of the main limiting factors for the productivity of cereal crops worldwide. The growth of the rice plant is closely related to its environment and its adaptation to the variable conditions caused by the large number of environmental factors that cause abiotic stress. With the aim of characterizing rice varieties and hybrids under different conditions of abiotic stress under controlled conditions, experiments were carried out at the International Center for Tropical Agriculture during 2021, to evaluate the effect of drought, high night temperatures and low radiation on yield and its components. The results indicate that low radiation significantly reduced the percentage of fertility and the weight of 1000 grains, which means a reduction in yield among the genotypes evaluated; On the other hand, drought stress causes a reduction in yield, mainly in the hybrid HL23057. These results show that these abiotic stresses are limiting factors for crop productivity and that rice is sensitive to lack of irrigation and low radiation during the grain-filling phase. Therefore, understanding these stresses and identifying tolerant genotypes will help to achieve the goal of improving crops and thus minimizing the loss in rice crop yield, in the interests of preserving the food security of the world population.eng
dc.description.degreelevelPregradospa
dc.description.degreenameIngeniero(a) Agronómico(a)spa
dc.description.modalityPasantíasspa
dc.description.resumenEl estrés ambiental es uno de los principales factores limitantes para la productividad de los cultivos de cereales en todo el mundo. El crecimiento de la planta de arroz está estrechamente con su entorno y su adaptación a las condiciones variables provocadas por la gran cantidad de factores ambientales que generan estrés abiótico. Con el objetivo de caracterizar variedades e híbridos de arroz bajo diferentes condiciones de estrés abiótico en condiciones controladas, se realizaron experimentos en el Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical durante 2021, para evaluar el efecto de sequía, altas temperaturas nocturnas y baja radiación sobre el rendimiento y sus componentes. Los resultaron indican que la baja radiación redujo significativamente el porcentaje de fertilidad y el peso de 1000 granos lo que significa una reducción del rendimiento entre los genotipos evaluados; por su parte, el estrés por sequía causa una reducción de rendimiento principalmente en el hibrido HL23057. Estos resultados evidencian que estos estreses abióticos son factores limitantes para la productividad del cultivo y que el arroz es sensible a la falta de irrigación y baja radiación durante la fase de llenado de grano. Por lo tanto, comprender estos estreses e identificar genotipos tolerantes ayudará a lograr el objetivo de mejorar los cultivos y, por lo tanto, minimizar la pérdida en el rendimiento del cultivo del arroz, en aras de preservar la seguridad alimentaria de la población mundial.spa
dc.description.tableofcontents1. ALIANZA DE BIOVERSITY INTERNATIONAL Y EL CENTRO INTERNACIONAL DE AGRICULTURA TROPICAL (CIAT) ................................. 19spa
dc.description.tableofcontents1.1 MISIÓN ..................................................................................................... 20spa
dc.description.tableofcontents1.2 VISIÓN ...................................................................................................... 20spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2. OBJETIVOS ................................................................................................... 21spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2.1 OBJETIVO GENERAL .............................................................................. 21spa
dc.description.tableofcontents2.2 OBJETIVOS ESPECIFICOS ..................................................................... 21spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3. MARCO TEÓRICO ......................................................................................... 22spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.1 IMPORTANCIA ECONOMICA .................................................................. 22spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.2 DIVERSIDAD GENÉTICA DEL ARROZ ................................................... 22spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.3 CRECIMIENTO Y DESARROLLO DE LA PLANTA DE ARROZ .............. 23spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.3.1 Fase vegetativa...................................................................................... 23spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.3.2 Fase reproductiva. ................................................................................. 24spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.3.3 Fase de madurez. .................................................................................. 25spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.4 RENDIMIENTO Y SUS COMPONENTES EN EL CULTIVO DE ARROZ . 26spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.4.1 Número de panículas por metro cuadrado ............................................. 27spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.4.2 Número de espiguilla por panícula......................................................... 28spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.4.3 Porcentaje de fertilidad. ......................................................................... 28spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.4.4 Peso de 1000 gramos. ........................................................................... 29spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.5 ESTRÉS ABIOTICO ................................................................................. 29spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.5.1 Estrés por sequía. .................................................................................. 30spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.5.2 Estrés por altas temperaturas ................................................................ 30spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.5.3 Estrés por baja radiación ....................................................................... 31spa
dc.description.tableofcontents3.6 HÍBRIDOS DE ARROZ ............................................................................. 31spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4. ACTIVIDADES DESARROLLADAS .............................................................. 33spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.1 EVALUACIÓN DE COMPONENTES DEL RENDIMIENTO EN TRES GENOTIPOS DE ARROZ ................................................................................... 33spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.1.1 Sitio experimental y material genético. .................................................. 33spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.1.2 Muestreos y mediciones ........................................................................ 33spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.1.3 Análisis estadístico. ............................................................................... 38spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.1.4 Resultados y análisis. ............................................................................ 38spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.2 EVALUACIÓN PARA LA TOLERANCIA A ALTAS TEMPERATURAS NOCTURNAS EN EL INVERNADERO HIGH TUNNEL MOVIL ......................... 42spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.2.1 Sitio experimental y material genético. .................................................. 42spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.2.2 Diseño experimental y manejo agronómico ........................................... 42spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.2.4 Tratamiento de estrés. ........................................................................... 45spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.2.5 Cosecha. ................................................................................................ 47spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.3 EVALUACIÓN PARA LA TOLERANCIA A SEQUÍA EN EL RAINOUT SHELTER ........................................................................................................... 48spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.3.1 Sitio experimental y material genético ................................................... 48spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.3.2 Diseño experimental y manejo agronómico. .......................................... 48spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.3.3 Muestreos y mediciones ........................................................................ 53spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.3.4 Tratamiento de estrés ............................................................................ 55spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.3.5 Cosecha de panículas y selección de plantas ....................................... 56spa
dc.description.tableofcontents4.3.6 Resultados y discusión. ......................................................................... 57spa
dc.description.tableofcontents5. CONCLUSIONES ........................................................................................... 60spa
dc.description.tableofcontents6. RECOMENDACIONES ................................................................................... 61spa
dc.description.tableofcontents7. REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRAFICAS .............................................................. 62spa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unicordoba.edu.co/handle/ucordoba/4825
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Ciencias Agrícolasspa
dc.publisher.placeMontería, Córdoba, Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.programIngeniería Agronómicaspa
dc.rightsCopyright Universidad de Córdoba, 2022spa
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccessspa
dc.rights.creativecommonsAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)spa
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/spa
dc.subject.keywordsToleranceeng
dc.subject.keywordsAbiotic stresseng
dc.subject.keywordsYieldeng
dc.subject.keywordsGenotypeeng
dc.subject.proposalToleranciaspa
dc.subject.proposalEstrés abióticospa
dc.subject.proposalRendimientospa
dc.subject.proposalGenotipospa
dc.titleCaracterización de variedades e híbridos de arroz bajo condiciones controladas para tolerancia a altas temperaturas y sequíaspa
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Pregradospa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1fspa
dc.type.contentTextspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesisspa
dc.type.redcolhttps://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TP
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/submittedVersionspa
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dcterms.referencesZhu, P., Yang, S., Ma, J., Li, S., & Chen, Y. (2008). Effect of shading on the photosynthetic characteristics and yield at later growth stage of hybrid rice combination. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 34(11), 2003-2009spa
dcterms.referencesZuluaga, A., Bidzinski, P., Chanclud, E., Ducasse, A., Cayrol, B., Gomez Selvaraj, M., Ishitani, M., Jauneau, A., Deslandes, L., Kroj, T., Michel, C., Szurek, B., Koebnik, R., & Morel, J. (2020). The Rice DNA-Binding Protein ZBED Controls Stress Regulators and Maintains Disease Resistance After a Mild Drought. Frontiers in Plant Science, 11, 1265. https://doi.org/10.3389/FPLS.2020.01265/BIBTEXspa
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