Examinando por Materia "Sustancias psicoactivas"

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    Desarrollo de un sistema de monitoreo de gases (Humo) dentro de las instituciones educativas, como mecanismo de seguimiento al consumo de cigarrillo
    (2020-06-02) Murillo Arias, José David; Torres Romero, Elvis Manuel; Castaño Rivera, Samir Osvaldo
    El consumo de sustancias psicoactivas (SPA) al interior de las instituciones educativas ha sido ajeno a las realidades de salud del medio y no se le ha dado la importancia que realmente tiene. Son diversos los factores que presionan a los estudiantes para probar el cigarrillo, siendo el más común, el ser aceptado por un grupo. Es notorio el incremento de los jóvenes, que cada vez a edades más tempranas se involucran en el hábito de consumir cigarrillo a tal punto que las instituciones educativas no han sido ajenas. De ahí la importancia de establecer nuevos mecanismo que permitan monitorear el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas (cigarrillo), utilizando la tecnología y la comunicación. Por tal motivo se desarrolló un sistema de monitoreo para el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas (cigarrillo) en los estudiantes de básica secundaria; este sistema se encuentra conformado por un dispositivo electrónico basado en plataforma Arduino, encargado de la recolección y medición de gases y una plataforma web para la visualización de las mediciones y la administración de los lugares de seguimiento al consumo.
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    Estudio del usuario potencial para ofrecer los servicios de rehabilitación del consumo de sustancias psicoactivas (SPA) en Montería, Córdoba
    (2020-11-19) Díaz Díaz, Daniela; Durán Rojas, Elvira
    The consumption of psychoactive substances (SPA) generates negative effects on society such as insecurity, crimes, increased addiction, among others, which leads to alterations in their health and the well-being of the community. This study intends to know the needs of the unsatisfied demands of the services for the rehabilitation of SPA consumers and how this offer is supplied by one of the Service Provider Institutions (IPS). Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the perception of SPA consumers about the rehabilitation services required in the city of Montería, Córdoba. The study is descriptive with a quantitative approach; where the qualitative technique of semi-structured interview with the administrative head of a IPS and a structured survey of SPA consumers and former consumers was used; Information organized, tabulated and analyzed using descriptive statistics, which was represented in figures and that of the interview was organized through narrative analysis. Among the results, it was found in SPA consumers that the male sex predominated (71%), they are young people between 14 and 29 years old (92%) and single marital status (75%), they have accessed secondary education (91%), technical and university, 37% work and 29% study; they live in socioeconomic stratum 1 (69%). The SPA that consume the most is alcohol (41%), followed by marijuana or cannabis (38%) and cigarettes (10%) among other substances. It was also possible to establish that 82% have not received rehabilitation services in an IPS and of those who received the service, 69% are aware that they require such treatment and among the most valued aspects when accessing the service is their good care (43%) and the quality of the service (31%). On the other hand, of the people who have not received rehabilitation services in an IPS, 70% stated that they did not know how to access it and 70% were not aware of the existence of IPS that offer such services; On the contrary, SPA consumers who have had a treatment, 55% indicated having accessed in a particular way, the rest did so through the EAPB and 55% maintain that they return to the same IPS that attended them in case of needing such service. On the other hand, in the interview obtained, the head of 15 administration stated that in most of the institutions that provide services to drug addicts they do so in a hospital manner and that in montería there is only one care center for drug addicts, which is Visalud IPS. Based on these factors, it could be said that in the city of Montería there is part of the population belonging to consumers of psychoactive substances with insufficient rehabilitation centers, thus creating opportunities to formulate action for future entrepreneurs.
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    Factores de riesgo y protectores que influyen en adolescentes para el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en la urbanización Finzenú de la ciudad de Montería, 2022-01
    (2022-09-06) Batista Berrio, Ibeth Patricia; Hernández Blanco, Yina Luz; Ripoll García, Luz Dary
    The consumption of psychoactive substances is currently considered a social phenomenon that especially affects adolescents, the prevalence of use and abuse of substances in the adolescent stage are high, given the high availability, currently adolescents have to learn to live with drugs, making decisions about their consumption or abstinence from them. Objective: To determine the risk and protective factors in adolescents for the consumption of psychoactive substances in the Finzenú urbanization of the city of Montería, 2022-01. Methodology: Descriptive, cross-sectional study. The population was made up of 50 adolescents from the Finzenú urbanization in the city of Montería. The participants were selected using the non-probabilistic sampling technique, stratified by coexistence. Results: The main sociodemographic characteristics of the research show that the highest percentage of participants are women with 60%, the group with the highest age range is found in 14 to 6 years with 64%; Single marital status predominates, socioeconomic stratum 1, they come from the urban area, 22% do not study, 10% work, 48% displaced, 74% live with parents and 26% with grandparents. In the risk factors identified with the highest prevalence for adolescents in the Finzenú urbanization in the city of Montería, they are emotional discomfort with 60%, assessment of SPA with 68% and social permissiveness and accessibility to SPA with 52%. In the protective factors present in the adolescents of this research, interpersonal relationships prevail with 72%, spirituality with 50% and social and self-control skills with 54%. On the other hand, the risk factors found in the female sex are preconceptions and assessment of PAS with 38% and emotional discomfort with 32%, while in men the preconceptions and assessment of PAS were found with 30%, emotional discomfort, spirituality with 26% and social permissiveness and accessibility to SPA with 24%. In this sense, women have interpersonal relationships as protective factors with 42%; spirituality, social and self-control skills, social permissiveness and accessibility to SPA with 34%. In turn, in men, interpersonal relationships prevail as a protective factor with 28% and social skills with 20%. Conclusion: the design, elaboration, implementation and application of prevention programs in the family and school environment should be objectives to be taken into account by the organizations and institutions related to the problem of drug use in adolescents.