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Publicación Acceso abierto Diversidad de bacterias con capacidad fijadora de nitrógeno asociadas a la hojarasca en un fragmento de bosque seco tropical Montería-Córdoba(2020-11-09) Aleán Flórez, Joiver Manuel; Contreras Martínez, Orfa InésIn terrestrial ecosystems, nitrogen is an element of high demand for organisms, so the primary productivity of any ecosystem is limited by the availability of this element. Through the biological fixation of nitrogen, this element is contributed to the ecosystems defining the fertility of the soil, most of the nitrogen taken up by the plants is returned to the soil in an organic form through the litter that constitutes a deposit of matter and energy. for microorganisms. The litter that falls to the ground is decomposed by a great variety of microorganisms classified within functional groups that intervene in the degradation process, forming an organic substrate known as mulch. The objective of this study is to determine the diversity of bacteria with nitrogen-fixing capacity associated with leaf litter, in a fragment of tropical dry forest in Montería-Córdoba. For the development of the methodology, microorganisms were obtained from samples of litter and mulch from the interior and edge of the forest which were inoculated in a nitrogen-free medium (Burk's medium). A total of 77 morphotypes with nitrogen-fixing capacity were isolated from the litter under study, of which the mulch presented a greater diversity of isolates with respect to the litter (40 morphotypes with a total density of 115 x104 CFU / g of mulch) . Finally, it is shown that the litter at the edge of the forest presents a greater diversity of nitrogen fixers than the interior of the forest, with a total of 44 isolated morphotypes and a total density of 120 x104CFU / g of sample.Publicación Acceso abierto Producción y descomposición de hojarasca foliar de diferentes sistemas silvopastoriles y su efecto sobre calidad del suelo en el Valle Medio del Sinú, Córdoba - Colombia(Universidad de Córdoba, 2020-11-09) Tapia Coronado, Jairo Javier; Martínez Atencia, Judith; Combatt Caballero, Enrique; Ministerio de Agricultura - AgrosaviaIn Córdoba state, Colombia, there is little information on the contribution of silvopastoral systems to the physical, chemical, and biological properties of soils, in addition to this, ecological balance and animal welfare. The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the effect of the litter of forest species in silvopastoral arrangements on some properties indicative of soil quality. The research was carried out under a completely randomized block design with four treatments T1= Brachiaria cv. Mulato II, T2= Tabebuia rosea + Brachiaria cv. Mulato T3= Acacia mangium + Brachiaria cv. Mulato II, T4= Gmelina arbórea + Brachiaria cv. Mulato II, with three repetitions, through: 1). Determination of the litter production and the potential contribution of nutrients during 7 months, obtaining highly significant differences, being the forest species G. arborea and A. mangium those that obtained the highest litter production with 6938.1 and 5945.5 kg ha-1 respectively, followed by T. rosea with 3912.6 kg ha-1 and finally Mulato II with 2264.6 kg ha-1 . Regarding the potential contribution of the evaluated nutrients, the highest content of Nitrogen (N) in the leaf litter was recorded in the species G. arborea and A. mangium, with 70.77 kg ha-1 and 62.45 kg ha-1 respectively, while Mulato II recorded a value of 9.97 kg ha-1 . For the phosphorus nutrient (P), the highest values were obtained in G. arborea with 14.57 kg ha-1 and T. rosea with 5.48 kg ha-1 , while Mulato II registered 5.67 kg ha-1. For its part, calcium (Ca) and potassium (K) presented their highest content in G. arborea with 96.47 kg ha-1and 37.48 kg ha-1 , respectively, unlike Mulato II with 9.75 kg ha-1 and 14.51 kg ha-1 respectively. two). Litter decomposition rate evaluation for 7 months, where the results showed a highly significant difference between the average residual dry mass (MSR) of the litter of the A. mangium species, with the highest record, followed by T. rosea, G arborea and finally Mulato II, with the 0.74, 0.66 0.59 and 0.56 respectively. The decomposition speed showed that Mulato II and G. arborea exhibited the highest decomposition rate (k) with a value of 1.87 and 1.77 respectively, indicating an inverse relationship between these variables (MSR and k). 3). Determination of physicochemical properties with significant differences in organic matter between the SSP with T. rosea (4.43%) and A. mangium (4.33%), with respect to the Mulato II pasture (3.3%). The lowest record of mechanical resistance to penetration was obtained in Mulato II (1.62 MPa), followed by SSP with A.mangium (1.74 MPa), T. rosea (1.82 MPa) and G. arborea (1.85 MPa). The soil variables that did not register significant differences were bulk density, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, potassium content and pH. These results allow us to conclude that silvopastoral arrangements contribute to the improvement of soil quality through the recycling of nutrients, becoming a clear alternative to traditional pasture systems.