Examinando por Materia "Lepidópteros"

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    Feromonas sexuales de los principales lepidópteros que afectan cultivos de la familia cucurbitáceas en el departamento de Córdoba, y su potencial uso para el control de plagas
    (2022-02-02) Ceballos Peña, Clarena del Carmen; Montaño Castañeda, Mary Cecilia
    For several years there has been a favourable trend towards the consumption of fruits and vegetables, boosting the economy of the countries that produce these foods, which must guarantee good quality products and a sufficient and continuous supply of them. To obtain good products and avoid the loss of their crops due to the attack of pests, farmers have used conventional pesticides for a long time, which are very harmful substances, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), for these reasons it has been necessary seek new strategies to reduce their use or replace them, and more friendly solutions for the environment and for the health of farmers and consumers, and they must be equally effective in pest management; the use of the insects sex pheromones to control insect behaviour being one of them. Colombia is a country that markets a variety of foods nationally and internationally, and must guarantee a good quality of its products. Some of the crops of great agricultural interest in our country belong to the Cucurbitaceae family, which are widely distributed in the national territory. In the Colombian Caribbean region, watermelon (Citrullus lanatus), melon (Cucumis melo), cucumber (Cucumis sativus), pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima) and pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo) crops are very important for their use as a food source. These crops are exposed to the attack of some insects, such as lepidoptera, and despite the fact that their control has been done predominantly using conventional insecticides, the demands in the new markets encourage the search for new alternatives in our country, which must be friendly to the environment and help reduce the residuality of these pesticides, improve the competitiveness of products and move towards cleaner production. This document compiles some general information about the most interesting cucurbit crops in the department of Cordoba and the Colombian Caribbean region, the main lepidoptera pests that attack these crops and their sex pheromones, as well as the ease of obtaining these compounds. by organic synthesis, and the potential they have to be used in traps that help control these same insects
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    PublicaciónAcceso abierto
    Los sistemas silvopastoriles, al igual que otros usos de suelo arbolados en paisajes agropecuarios modifican el ensamble de mariposas frugívoras
    (2020-11-12) Herazo Fernández, Ides Daniela; Ayazo Berrocal, Roger David
    In this research, the diversity of frugivorous butterflies was studied to answer how silvopastoral systems contribute to biodiversity in agricultural landscapes. Three livestock areas managed under the silvopastoral systems scheme were selected and compared with four of the land uses with the largest area in the C.I. Turipaná de Agrosavia (CR rotational crops, PF forest plantations, BO forests and extensive livestock pastures PT) and which in turn represent the typical coverage of the rural landscape of Cordoba. For each land use, three areas were selected that represented repetitions. Five Van Someren Rydon traps baited with ripe bananas and beer were installed in each replication. The traps were spaced 100 m apart and were active for 48 hours. 895 individuals belonging to four subfamilies, eight tribes, twelve genera and 15 species were collected. All species belonged to the Nymphalidae family. The alpha diversity analysis of the plant covers suggests that there were no significant differences between the covers. The NMDS ordering analysis (Stress = 0.08) revealed the formation of three groups, the first group consisting of BO, SP and PF coverages, the second and third group consisting only of one group, CR and PT respectively. Simper's analysis revealed that land uses with trees differed from CRs and PTs by registering higher abundance of Taygetis laches, Hermeuptychia hermes and Hamadryas feronia species. For its part, the PTs group differed from the CR coverage by presenting a lower abundance of Taygetis laches, and not registering Nica flavilla and Historis odius individuals. In conclusion, silvopastoral systems like the other land uses with trees (BO and PF), modify the assemblage of frugivorous butterflies favoring the abundance of some species; The opposite effect occurs with systems without trees (CR and PT).