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Publicación Embargo Contaminantes emergentes (productos farmacéuticos y de cuidado personal) en aguas y sedimentos de ecosistemas acuáticos del departamento de Córdoba-Colombia(Grupo de aguas química aplicada y ambiental, 2022-03-29) Márquez Méndez, Daniela Sofía; Marrugo Negrete, José LuisCurrently there is a great global concern due to the increase of compounds in ecosystems from many products that are used daily in many areas, and the concern increases since these compounds called emerging pollutants (EC) are affecting ecosystems in general to the living organisms and microorganisms. In this work, 9 CE were analyzed in samples of water, suspended material and sediments from three aquatic ecosystems of the department of Córdoba-Colombia, the samples were taken in two climatic seasons of rain and drought, the risk analysis was carried out taking into account the previous concentration without effect and finally the analysis of principal components and the distribution was obtained by using the statistical program R studio. The results obtained in this study show us the presence of these ECs in these ecosystems as well as some of them in concentrations that could be affecting the ecosystem. The maximum concentration found in the water samples was in the Cispatá bay in the first sampling corresponding to 15354.15 ng / L of Ibuprofen, for the suspended material samples it was 251.69 ng / g of Triclosan detected in the first sampling in the bay. of Cispatá in the Zarapa channel and for the sediments the maximum concentration was found in After Playa Blanca with 164.74 ng / g of NPX. In the analysis of principal components, a maximum correlation between the EC of 40.9% was determined in the Cispatá bay corresponding to component 1 of said analysis. For the ecological risk analysis, it was found that in the rainy season, that is, the first sampling the Cispatá Bay in the estuarine zone, the Ayapel swamp in the vast majority of its points and the Lorica swamp 3 points were at high risk. For the second sampling in the dry season, the Cispatá bay decreased the risk to almost zero at all points, The Ayapel swamp the risk remained high for all the points and for the Lorica swamp it was high at three sampling points. Regarding the distribution, the great influence of drugs such as NPX, IBP and GMF in the bay of Cispatá stands out, in the swamps the presence of hormones such as 17alpha-Ethinyl estradiol and Progesterone can be seen more, as well as the antiepileptic Carbamazepine and the plasticizer BPA. These results reflect that many of the ECs are reaching ecosystems and in concentrations that could be affecting organisms and ecosystems in general.Publicación Acceso abierto Efecto de la GnRh en protocolos de sincronización sobre la fertilidad de novillas Bos taurus indicus(2023-06-24) Ortega Barrios, Laura Vanessa; Salgado Otero, Roger DanielHormonal treatments that combine the use of Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH) and Prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) have been able to synchronize estrus and ovulation in dairy cows and buffaloes, but in heifers the results have been very variable, reporting dispersion in estrus, persistence of follicles and low ovulation rates1. Therefore, in order to reduce the variability of these results, protocols have been created in combination with progesterone release devices; in this regard, the P4-Cosynch treatment that combines the use of Progesterone (P4) with GnRH and PGF2α, which has given good results in the synchronization of cows and heifers of dairy and beef breeds, stands out. According to ASOCEBÚ data, 95% of the Colombian cattle population is zebu or has zebu genetics. Therefore, this study could contribute to the dynamization of productive processes and to the increase of the breeding stock. Considering the above, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of GnRH hormone in fixed-term artificial insemination protocols on the fertility of Bos taurus indicus heifers. For the study, 158 clinically healthy Brahman cyclic and acyclic heifers with a body condition score of four were synchronized. The experimental treatments corresponded to six protocols that included the following hormones GnRH-PGF2-GnRH (T1 and T2), DIBGnRH-PGF2-GnRH (T3 and T4) and DIB-GnRH-PGF2-eCG-GnRH (T5 and T6). The animals were assessed for preovulatory follicle size by ultrasonography using an ALOKA Co., Ltd. UST-5820-5 equipped with a 5MHz linear translator, the screen was split in 2B mode, the image was frozen with the Freeze option, and the variables were analyzed by Chi-square test of independence and comparison of proportions between two populations. With the synchronization protocols, a total pregnancy rate of 10.7% (T1), 16.6% (T2) 36.8% (T3) 41.9% (T4) 38.7% (T5) and 27.68% (T6) was obtained. The effect (P= 0.0803) between treatments was found when comparing pregnancy proportions, it was found that T1 and T2 were statistically equal (p>0.05). The same happened with treatments T3, T4, T5 and T6, but differences (p≤0.05) were found between treatments T1 and T2 when compared with treatments T3, T4, T5 and T6. On the other hand, there were no differences (P ≥ 0.05), in the average preovulatory follicle size being these 10.28; 11.21 and 11.77 mm for heifers synchronized with treatments 1-2, 3-4 and 5-6, respectively. The use of GnRH hormone in combination with progesterone in Cosynch protocol significantly improves pregnancy rates in Bos indicus heifers, compared to the traditional Cosynch protocol.