Examinando por Autor "MESTRA, ALBERTO"

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    Epidemiology of visceral leishmaniasis in children under five years in the municipality of San Andres de Sotavento, Córdoba (Colombia), 2012
    (2013-12-08) CHAMS, LINDA; MESTRA, ALBERTO; YASNOT, MARÍA
    Abstract: Objective: To determine the casuistry of visceral leishmaniasis in children under five years old from the municipality of San Andres de Sotavento in the department of Cordoba, Colombia. In particular, to relate the cases registered with the variables of age, sex, race, origin, physical status, treatment, hematologic evaluations and predisposing causes for presentation. Materials and methods: This was a descriptive, retrospective study. The analysis unit corresponded to the archives of the Secretariat of Health of Cordoba, which recorded a population of 278 medical records of patients with leishmaniasis in the study area. The sample consisted of 70 medical records of childrens under five years old with visceral leishmaniasis. The data collection was achieved through the use of chips adapted to the objectives of the study. Results: The study highlights the increased commitment to the group of 12 years, with 45.71% of the cases, 55.75% of predominance of males, and 94.29% of significance of the Indian race. The body condition of infected infants as a whole was assessed as fair and poor. The origin of children was related to the communities of Cerro Los Vidales, Tuchín, Guayacan, El Contento, Las Gardenias and Los Castillos. The evaluation of the treatment administered showed great desertion (85.71%) in the completion of the cycles. Hematic evaluations showed hematocrit, hemoglobin and platelet decreased, and increasing of the speed of sedimentation. The observations of the white cell count showed non normal white blood cell count greater than 80% for leukocytes, neutrophils and lymphocytes with moderate to monocytes, and minimum to basophils and eosinophils counts. Predisposing conditions for the presentation of visceral leishmaniasis were interesting, reported by the children responsible for a history of visceral leishmaniasis in the villages (71.4%), and family history (60.0%). The keeping of dogs as epidemiological risk factor is evidenced by the coexistence with the same (77.1%) in the home and report cases of the disease in the animal species. Conclusion: Leishmaniasis is considered a reemerging disease, and a growing public health problem worldwide, due to increased number of people affected as a result of increased exposure of humans to disease vectors.
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    Reactors for Toxoplasma gondii, in beef handlers of municipal slaughterhouses of Córdoba - Colombia, 2012
    (2013-12-08) CHAMS, LINDA; MESTRA, ALBERTO; NOBLE, AGUSTINA
    Objective: To determine the prevalence of reactors to Toxoplasma gondii in beef handlers in municipal slaugtherhuses of Lorica and Cereté, department of Cordoba. Materials and methods: By indirect hemagglutination test (IHA), 63 serologies were carried out to slaugtherhouses beef handlers from Lorica and Cereté. The department of Córdoba is located between 09 º 26' 16'' and 07 º 22' 05'' North latitude and 74 º 47' 43'' and 76 º 30' 01'' west longitude. Results: Serologic testing revealed a general prevalence of 73,01%, according to serological response to Toxoplasma gondii, 46 reactors were divided into three groups: 10 (15.87%) with low titers, 22 (34.92%) with intermediate titers and 14 (22.22%) with high titers. The serological reaction to the degree of risk for infection with Toxoplasma gondii, related to the main office of the manipulator in the killing process was 11 (23.91%), 16 (34.78%) and 19 (41.30%) equivalent to grades of risk I, II and III in the 46 seroreactors respectively. The overreaction by time in office corresponded to values of 3 (6.52%) for times less than 4 years, 8 (17.39%) between 4 and 8 years, 14 (30.43%) between 8 and 12 and 21 ( 45.65%) over 12 years. When relating the serology variables: origin, titers, degrees of risk and time in office, there was statistically significant. Conclusion: The epidemiological problem of toxoplasmosis is linked to the heteroxene character, low host specificity, the possibility of location in many different organs, infective stage disposal, its resistance to environmental factors and extensive possibilities of infestation, making beef handlers a possible vehicles of these kind of infections.