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The objective of this applicative monograph is to carry out an exergy analysis of steam generation through the gasification of industrial corn residues as working biomass; To achieve this objective, a characterization of the biomass was first carried out to determine the last and next analyzes, in order to obtain the chemical composition of the corn cob. Then a computational model was made in Aspen Plus® where the data of a syngas with a lower heating value (LHV) of 6.18 MJ/Nm3 were produced, which was later injected into a boiler for the generation of steam in the system. After this, an exergy analysis was carried out on the data obtained in the simulation, which showed that 14.37 kW are used in steam generation, and it was also determined that the exergetic efficiency of the system is 35%, largely part due to irreversibility’s and exergy destroyed.

En la presente monografía se comparan y analizan las propiedades físicas y mecánicas de la madera Teca (Tectona Grandis), reportados en diferentes lugares del mundo, con el objetivo de visualizar como el lugar de procedencia en función de la edad, el contenido de humedad, la orientación de la fibra entre otros factores, pueden afectar estas propiedades. Igualmente, se verificó si los valores reportados para esta madera cumplen con los requerimientos mínimos de calidad exigidos en la (Asociación Colombiana de Ingeniería Sísmica, 1997).

In this research, a study was developed of the effect of climatic conditions on the performance of evaporative equipment located in the city of Montería, using the EES software in which the various modeling of ambient temperature, relative humidity and air velocity were carried out. air. The development of this strategy begins with the characterization of available evaporative cooling equipment, as a second instance the identification of the climatic variables that influence the system, the third section is the selection of an equipment based on the environmental conditions, the fourth section is the Carrying out the simulation of the equipment varying these conditions and finally giving the conclusions and recommendations for the system.

In this research, a study was developed of the effect of climatic conditions on the performance of evaporative equipment located in the city of Montería, using the EES software in which the various modeling of ambient temperature, relative humidity and air velocity were carried out. air. The development of this strategy begins with the characterization of available evaporative cooling equipment, as a second instance the identification of the climatic variables that influence the system, the third section is the selection of an equipment based on the environmental conditions, the fourth section is the Carrying out the simulation of the equipment varying these conditions and finally giving the conclusions and recommendations for the system.

In this monographic study, gas consumption for power generation in thermoelectric plants in Colombia was evaluated. First, a bibliographic review was carried out to have context of how the studies on efficiency in thermoelectric plants, hotels and industries are progressing following the ISO 50000 methodology. For the evaluation, gas consumption and power generation data offered by the XM page were taken, with these data a Pareto diagram was built in order to focus on the thermoelectric plants with the highest gas consumption, the data of each chosen central was Filtered using the Absolute Median Deviation method, these already filtered were used to elaborate an energy baseline and obtain a normalized equation, with the help of this equation, savings percentages, critical energy generation and some established energy performance indicators were estimated. in ISO 50001 and 50006. The results of the study showed that the TEBSAB plant has consumed 51.50% of the fuel in the last three years and this presents a potential saving of 5.9%, the FLORES IV, FLORES 1 and PROELECTRICA plants have a higher percentage of savings 15, 95 %, 18.06% and 15.34% respectively, which can be explained by means of the one hundred base indicator, where it is shown that these plants have a continuous variation between compliant and non-compliant performance values.

The development of the following document presents an analysis of a thermodynamic model for a Stirling engine with a gamma configuration, which uses biomass as a source for energy generation. Therefore, the potential for the generation of thermal energy from biomass was obtained, from the properties in the characterization and combustion. Matlab is used for the simulation, which shows this type of motor as a model to estimate the motor's output power, with each of its parts and parameters. The model developed has an 9 output power of 4 W, rotating at a speed higher than 1000 rpm and from an average hot spot temperature of 800 K, the working fluid for the cooling system is by means of air. The heat source is obtained from the combustion of biomass for this case coconut fiber, which presented a calorific value of 24.29 MJ / kg. The purpose of this project is to know how the integration of coconut is an alternative source to obtain energy, determining a power delivered by the system and knowing the expenses generated for the start-up, that the implementation of this type of technology is environmentally friendly and economical.

The present work aims to solve one of the few problems that absorption refrigeration systems present, which consists of the relatively long times to reach a pseudo-stable state, for this we studied what happens when the conventional generator is replaced by an exchanger heat through a dynamic simulation using the NH3-H20 mixture as a working torque in the Aspen Plus® software, in order to study the time it takes for the generation temperature to stabilize. Taking a system with a cooling capacity of 3.50 kW studied by (Viswanathan et al., 2013), found that when the temperature of the heat transfer fluid changes 10 ° C, the generation temperature takes a little less than 6 minutes with a generator, while with power generation was found to take less tan immediately for the system to stabilize. In addition, other tests were carried out that showed that the thermal accumulation is almost null in the proposed system.

Cogeneration systems are now increasingly appearing in the industrial and commercial sector, since their implementation brings with it a number of energy, economic and environmental benefits. This makes a study of the general operation of the cogeneration system implemented with a biogas-fueled ICM and coupled to an absorption refrigeration system, which is a very useful application of this type of system. The objective of this work was to perform an energy analysis of the entire cogeneration system. The development of this strategy begins with the definition of the operating parameters in the engine, and then the modeling of the system using the ASPEN HYSYS® computational tool. Subsequently, a parametric analysis of the output variables in the system is presented. The results show that if an adequate selection of the methane composition in the fuel is made and the optimal operating parameters are adjusted in the ICM, good results can be obtained, being possible to implement them in real industrial applications.

En este documento se analizó el consumo de energía del edificio bioclimático en mención, proponiendo 3 condiciones de análisis que van desde la condición actual del edificio, después la implementación de sistemas de aire acondicionado en las aulas y por último el cambio de los equipos de refrigeración por otros con una mayor eficiencia. A su vez se implementó un nuevo perfil de uso para las aulas que consiste en no usarlas entre las (12:00 – 14:00) pm. Y por último la instalación de material aislante en los cerramientos, todo esto con el fin de reducir dichos consumos energéticos. Para llevar a cabo este estudio se dividió el edificio en zonas y en 6 grupos de recintos que son, aulas, oficinas, baños, locales comerciales, cuartos de oficios varios y cafetines. Entonces primero se realizaron los planos del edificio usando el software AutoCAD®, seguidamente se utilizó el software IFC Builder® para crear el modelo arquitectónico para cada condición planteada, después con la ayuda del software CYPETHERM LOADS® se obtuvieron los informes de cargas térmicas para cada condición; por último, se utilizó el software CYPETHERM EPLUS® para la estimación de los informes de consumo y demanda de energía para cada condición. Teniendo en cuenta consumos producidos por iluminación, refrigeración. Ventilación, y otros equipos presentes en el edificio. Obteniendo como resultados un consumo anual de 112492,8 kWh para la condición 1, 357139,2 kWh para la condición 2 y 289939,2 kWh para la condición 3, lo que refleja un aumento de más del 65 % del consumo energético partiendo de la condición 1 a la dos 2, y una reducción del consumo energético superior al 20 % entre la condición 2 y 3

The use of renewable energy is a path that many countries have begun to follow in the process of decarbonizing their equipment, production and economic structures, it is clear that this is a long journey that requires constant progress and improvement of the different mechanisms of renewable energy transformations that exist at present. Therefore, the objective of this research is to carry out a thermoeconomic study of a solar collector to produce domestic hot water. For the development of this work was used a flat plate collector, was studied the radiation of the area by means of the software RETScreen Expert, the demand of water required for the studio hotel, the design of the system was carried out through the program CYPECAD MEP the design of the system was carried out and the temperatures inside the system were known when using TRNSYS software. This series of analyses allowed to know the amount of collectors needed, the rate of return of the investment, the exergy of the system and its efficiency.

In this monograph, a comparative study regarding to the microstructural changes and engineering applications of martensitic stainless steels treated by nitriding and plasma carburizing reported in the literature is carried out. The changes in the microstructure and the chemical composition of the steels achieved by these thermochemical treatments are discussed by means of material characterization techniques, such as: optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, optical emission spectroscopy of luminescent discharge, among others. It was found that these nitrided and carburized martensitic stainless steels are mainly used for wear resistance and corrosion resistance applications. Keywords: Microstructure, Expanded Martensite, Plasma Carburizing, Plasma Nitriding 13 INTRODUCCI