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This monograph focuses on the quarter to quarter analysis and monitoring of the financial statements of the Nutresa Group, specifically the balance sheet and the income statement, through which some profitability indicators such as ROE and ROA are applied. In the same way, Ebitda and its margin are established on the company’s operating in come. However, on the other hand, a fundamental type analysis is carried out on the stock market Price of the shares of Grupo Nutresa and how it has been during the 2015-2019 period, in the same way it is evidenced as the changes presented in their financial statements are reflected in the Price of the shares themselves. That is, investors take into account the results reflected in the financial statements, for the purchase of shares, it can be said that in some way the are assured that their investment is generating the expected profit. Then it can be affirmed that the financial statements do intervene in any way in the Price of the shares of Grupo Nutresa.

In this monography, one of the technical indicators used for the study and analysis of the forex market is presented which constitutes a fundamental technical tool, when operating in it, this indicator is called the Relative Strength Index or RSI; In the same way, through a study the behavior of the EURO and STERLING POUND currencies are analyzed, in compared to the socio-political events related to Brexit during the period (2016-2019). Some other Features such as the concept, its use and calculation are also described, as well as graphic examples that facilitate the understanding of this trend indicator. In addition, this paper also describes the United Kingdom leaving from the European Union, better known as “BREXIT as well as its definition, causes, effects and how this event has generated an impact on the movement of the prices of this currency pair.

In this monographic investigation, it contains information about Japanese Candles, when they have trends or to say the least to know if the section has been bullish or bearish, the maximum of the session and the minimum session of each candle. This is because a Candle is formed by a body, which makes up the opening and closing price, it also has shadows that are the ones that mark the maximum and the minimum. If the candle is bullish it is green and if it is bearish it's red. With Japanese Candles you can also see if the market is having volatility or not, because if you observe Candles with large bodies and shadows it will be because the market is having big movements, while if these are small it will be because the market has little activity. In the form of a conclusion on the topic that will be developed and the information that is collected and that in turn the Japanese Candles provide, it is taken into account that these can make future decisions with their indicative movements or repetitive movements that provide information about transactions that are being made in real time. The information obtained from this research helped to further enrich the knowledge, so this in turn provides a greater understanding of the movements that these Japanese Candles usually have at certain times, in which they tend to have trends that favor the market, to make investments that maximize their profits.

In this document, a series of algorithmic strategies based on oscillators and / or indicators of EURUSD currencies (Euro dollar) are developed, with the help of the Pro Real Time trading software, several values are assigned to these oscillators and / or indicators and these strategies are tested, which can be adopted if they show excellent results. The strategies to be developed are: SMA(5)+RSI(8), SMA(3)+STOCH(10,4)+RSI(5) y MACD(5,15,3) + BB(5), in which SMA are moving averages used to calculate the average value of the market rates of a certain period, RSI is a moment oscillator that measures the speed and the change in price movements, BB which translated is "Bandas de Bollinger/ Bollinger Bands" is based on the law of normal prices, the STOCH (Stochastic) seeks to establish how the current closing price is compared with respect to the price band of a certain period. Consequently, the results of the use of these strategies implemented to this currency pair are shown and based on these results some conclusions are issued with the aim of showing whether these strategies are optimal to take them into account when investing in either this currency pair or in another one and if we had actually generated some kind of benefit if they had been implemented. Based on the above mentioned, it is reflected a series of data, figures, tables that help to understand the way in which these strategies are used and the reason about the values provided.

In this report we will detail how Brexit influenced the alteration of the volatility indexes of the Euro concerning the Pound, making a brief review of the behavior of this currency before this event, during the same and specifying the changes that underwent its passage. An event that significantly altered the volatility of the stock market was Brexit which is a term that abbreviates the words Britain (Great Britain) and Exit (exit) and consists of the exit of the United Kingdom from the European Union, decision taken in June 2016 after the signing of a referendum, the British decided to leave the European Union after 4 decades of relations. In the stock market context, volatility is linked to financial markets, especially when stocks decline or increase unexpectedly, that is when we show that Volatility increases, therefore, volatility is the way to monitor the standard deviation of the variation of the price of a given financial asset in a specific time. To carry out the aforementioned monitoring, the market relies on different indicators that are: True Range Average (ATR), Bollinger Bands (BB) and Keltner Channels (KC)

This assignment shows a contemplation from the particular to the general currency market and the use of Elliott Waves when trading, applying this theory in the behavior of the Eur / Usd in the first half of 2019, analyzing main features such as its operation and volume, because according to this theory the market moves in repetitive patterns called Ondas and is one of the most accepted and used technical analysis systems. In addition to practical and simple examples that will provide a better understanding of these tools for the study and practice of trading. It also shows possible behaviors in the eur/usd in the future, since the main objective of the trader is to identify the presence of the wave formations, being possible through technical and fundamental analysis to have a much more accurate view of the future currency behavior in some period of time, and to be able to monetize our capital as much as possible. Finally, a prediction is made of how the future market might behave as such, a specific analysis putting into practice everything related to Elliott Waves theory, which has important rules that if followed carefully and appropriate will have been taken the first step in incorporating Elliott's unalterable principles when trading; these basic rules are not so useful for revealing where the market is going, but rather to tell where the market is less feasible to go.

Trading has became in a fundamental form for getting into the bursátil market, technology in now available for everibody, the access to a world of finantial possibilities with AC, forex, options,etc. With the help of indicators analysis it is possible to create our personal marketing strategies. The main objetive of these paper is design an strategy based in the volatility analysis of the prices in order to determinate the buy options and sell options in the shares in The New York Stock Exchange from Avianca Holdings S.A. o Copa holding S.A. enterprises. Also, the relationship between the volatility and share prices behaviour in high volatility. Based an the results done with simulated graphics from ProRealTime, an excellent strategy ehit huge potential is obtained, but it is not perfect due to the simple intructions, but what all this the conclusion will be to study deep into the shares market and in the trading strategies. Key words: trading, stock market, shares, indicators, buy options, sell options.

The events that have pointed the evolution of exchange rate policies and exchange rates in Colombia are portrayed in this document, insofar as the Bank of the Republic is understood as the central point and axis of distribution of measures and norms that allow the national market and finances to adapt to the international context and reality. Taking this into account, it is imperative to carry out an evaluation with a period of time between 2008 and 2019 on the influence of the Bank of the Republic on the country's exchange rates based on different macroeconomic data, such as inflation understood as a moderate increase in prices of goods and services. On the other hand, we also talk about GDP and how it relates to the exchange rate; about the institutions or organizations involved in the variation of the data mentioned above and, the different decisions of the bank in that period of time are analyzed to determine whether it influences or not.

Since the 20th century, United States has suffered great economic recessions that even affected the economies of other countries, as expected, considering that it is one of the great world powers. These recessions have been anticipated through the yield curve, which is a graphical representation of interest rates of bonds offered by the government in the short and long term. Through this yield curve, the future of an economy can be predicted and valued, therefore it represents a fundamental importance when interpreting the expectations of investors, which is to generate profitability with data and information provided by the financial market. It is known that the yield curve, specifically the inverted one, has often been preceded by an economic recession, making it one of the most studied to anticipate these, as it was in the cases of the Great Depression, the oil crisis, The crisis of the 80s and the Great Recession in 2008, among others, is why today the great market analysts, seeing the trend of this curve, believe that for the next few years, United States will enter a recession again.

Exchanges between countries and the growing need for basic products for production have evolved in relation to the way in which they have been doing since they have knowledge about this type of contracts, currently they present a strict regulation and standardized that allow the participation of investors reducing the risk of default and giving rise to the emergence of new investment strategies for companies and the creation of new underlying alternatives of negotiation such as financial derivatives of options The importance of the financial derivatives of options for trading in international markets is a way in which rights are established for buyers and sellers on the future production of goods necessary for the domestic production of nations. The trading systems currently created facilitate transactions and capital flows thanks to the regulation established by each of the countries creating the procedures and entities authorized to carry out operations with financial derivatives of options as well as the strengthening of a connected financial system with other markets. Know the form that each one of the stock exchanges establishes about the financial derivatives of options to create investment strategies that favor both the buyers who insure the product as well as for the sellers that have greater certainty of the price and price quote. possible purchase of your product in the future.

It has always been a desire of the market professionals to try to predict the price of the assets that are traded in the different markets of the world creating tools of fundamental analysis and technical analysis, the latter aims by observing the behavior of the graphics Repetitive events of these to try to establish patterns that are met after a certain period of time. The behavior pattern of the graph through observation allows to identify the moment of entering or leaving a certain position of purchase or sale based on the analysis of the possible repetition of the pattern. Also know the different types of graphics, such as bar charts, Japanese candlesticks and the identification of what expresses each of them to make an investment decision. Added to the statistical indicators and oscillators applied to the historical price quotation with established periods of time that facilitate the analysis and the projection of the investment in order to obtain the highest profitability assuming lower risks. The technical analysis will be analyzed analyzing the historical behavior of the price through the trend of short, medium and long term, the channels of tendency, support, resistance, double roof patterns, double floor, triple roof, shoulder-head-shoulder, pull back, throwback, wedges, pennants, fibonaci retracements, simple and exponential moving averages, relative strength index, convergence-divergence indexes and bollinger bands.

The purpose of this monograph is to make a parallel of the logistic import costs, as a special permanent free zone in front of a company that does not have a free regime: Case of IMAT SA located in the city of Montería (Córdoba) dedicated to the health sector in Special in Oncomedicos and Cardiovascular treatments, this currently wishes to expand its portfolio of services and for this requires the import of a medical equipment. This will be done through bibliographic references, in which the regulations of the Special Permanent Free Zones (ZFPE) in Colombia will be indicated for the import of the Medical Equipment (Linear Accelerator), likewise the parallel of the logistic import costs of the medical team as a Special Permanent Free Zone with respect to a company that does not have a free regime and finally the competitive advantages in the logistics operations of the Special Permanent Free Zone will be established. On the other hand, a series of conclusions will be made so that IMAT .S.A can choose the best import modality from the United States taking into account the logistic costs, the delivery time of the merchandise and the competitive advantages.

The aforementioned not only translates into economic benefits, since Colombia has obtained significant dividends due to the exploitation of Nickel in the department of Córdoba, but also due to the demands of society regarding Corporate Social Responsibility practices, currently employed as an indicator of success and competitiveness in any economic activity (UPME, 2009). In the present work, a logistic export plan of granulated ferronickel slag is made, which is a waste that is generated after the iron alloys made in the Cerro Matoso company, located in the Municipality of Montelíbano (Córdoba), taking into account of the different studies carried out and uses of this by-product worldwide; The main exporting and importing markets of this waste were investigated. Next, the logistic processes associated with the export are carried out, as well as the logistic costs that are generated during the procedure; all this under the rules of the Incoterms FOB.

The modified supply is one of the most important logistics functions that the entire company must carry out, so it is essential to draw up purchasing policies and advantageous economic inventories, determine and control the costs associated with said activity, because this activity can determine The satisfaction of the end customer, in addition to contributing to the minimization of costs incurred during the supply chain, including inventories. Logistics is an important determinant in the supply chain, because through it you can improve activities and processes which helps to provide a quality product and / or service taking into account the demands of the market. Operational control can occur in any part of the supply chain from provisioning to transportation, but it is appropriate to identify the costs that may be incurred in inventory management, because although it is necessary, because in this area the product needs of a series of conditions that can alter costs in one way or another, taking into account that agricultural products have high turnover, which is a factor that can determine economic situations within the business.

The electronic commerce or e-commerce advances at a fleeting speed, with constant increases both in the number of daily transactions that are made by this means, as in volumes of income; becoming a current phenomenon of great importance and increasingly replacing traditional commerce. Amazon is an American e-commerce company, which took its first steps with the commercialization of books through the internet and it took very little time to achieve success; It is currently considered the most valuable brand in the world. This paper analyzes the role of storage logistics within the development and competitiveness that the electronic giant has acquired during the period 2008 - 2018, since one of the determining factors of this exponential growth has been its warehouse management, because it has developed services such as fast deliveries to satisfy its customers, and therefore has logistics centers that handle orders; In these centers, not only the goods are stored, but they are also distribution centers in which employees select, package and ship orders quickly and efficiently.

El presente trabajo tiene como finalidad la creación de un portafolio de inversión con perfil agresivo basándose en la diversificación de los activos para reducir el riesgo y generar rentabilidades. Para la selección de los activos es necesario identificar las condiciones actuales de la economía colombiana e identificar el ciclo económico actual, determinando así el sector de inversión y poder seleccionar las acciones cotizantes en la Bolsa de Valores de Colombia, y las empresas a las que pertenecen y mediante la interpretación de los múltiplos financieros, además de analizar sus estados financieros teniendo en cuenta los incrementos en el patrimonio, las utilidades netas y operacionales y valor de la acción. Posteriormente, se realizará un estudio sobre el comportamiento en el precio de las acciones ISA, PFDAVVNDA, PFBCOLOM, BOGOTÁ, en un período determinado, teniendo en cuenta la rentabilidad, el riesgo y la variación de los activos basándose en datos históricos para plasmar proyecciones futuras y finalmente, se conformara el portafolio de inversión, el riesgo de inversión y la rentabilidad esperada a un año.

El sector agrícola en Colombia y la maximización en el uso de los recursos y el suelo se encuentran aún en proceso de mejoramiento, no obstante, cabe destacar el aumento e importancia de la producción de las diferentes frutas y verduras (hortofrutícola), ya que además del café, son los productos que más se exportan, debido a su calidad y naturalidad en la producción, en gran medida porque en Colombia existen diferentes tipos de climas que son fértiles para la producción de frutas y verduras. En caso específico de la Naranja Tangelo, la cual se presta para ser cultivada en varios lugares del territorio nacional, entre ellos en el sur de Córdoba, en el alto San Jorge. En la presente monografía, se describe la distribución física internacional de la Naranja Tangelo, la cual es una fruta cítrica híbrida derivada por el cruce de mandarina con pomelo cultivada en el municipio de Montelíbano (Córdoba) y demás municipios del Alto San Jorge, teniendo en cuenta las propiedades del producto, así como el mercado objetivo. A continuación, se establecen los aspectos legales, los procesos logísticos de la exportación, así como también costos logísticos que se generan durante el procedimiento; todo esto bajo las normas de los Incoterms FOB, CFR Y CIF.

Hoy en día el desarrollo de las empresas siderúrgicas en Colombia ofrece una visión general en la que se prevé una tendencia positiva de crecimiento de las piezas refractarias en los próximos años, planes que establecerán una economía dinámica en Colombia. La idoneidad de un material refractario se contempla en tres factores: la calidad metalúrgica deseada, el coste global y el impacto ambiental que este tenga; en el mundo de hoy el avance de las tecnologías ha ido avanzando a pasos agigantados y cabe anotar que entre mayor sea el avance tecnológico mayor será el impacto ambiental que éste tenga.

Esta monografía tiene por objeto dar a conocer las Buenas Prácticas Empresariales de Desarrollo Sostenible, las cuales forman parte fundamental para alcanzar los objetivos definidos en la Agenda 2030. Desde la fijación de los ODS las organizaciones empresariales han venido implementando de manera voluntaria una serie de procesos en su cadena de productiva, en aras de satisfacer las necesidades de la población actual, bajo un enfoque ético que le permita mitigar el impacto generado en el medio ambiente, sin comprometer a las generaciones futuras. A nivel latinoamericano compañías como Grupo Bimbo, Danone, Unilever, Enel Américas, Air Products & Chemicals Inc., Grupo Sura y Groncol, entre muchas otras, han entendido la importancia de su participación en la consecución de los ODS, mediante la implementación de Buenas Prácticas Empresariales de Desarrollo Sostenible, convirtiéndose en un referente para el resto de las compañías de la región. Por su parte, el caso de la ONG INTEGRASINÚ muestra claramente que aun siendo pequeño se puede pensar en grande, ya que a pesar de sus limitantes han logrado implementar satisfactoriamente las Buenas Prácticas Empresariales de Desarrollo Sostenible en sus procesos productivos, logrando un factor diferenciador que la hace más competitiva frente a otras organizaciones de su sector. The purpose of this monograph is to publicize the Good Business Practices for Sustainable Development, which are a fundamental part for achieving the objectives defined in the 2030 Agenda. Since the establishment of the ODS, business organizations have been voluntarily implementing a series of processes in its production chain, in order to meet the needs of the current population, based on an ethical approach that allows them to mitigate the impact generated on the environment, without compromising future generations. At the Latin American level, companies such as Grupo Bimbo, Danone, Unilever, Enel Américas, Air Products & Chemicals Inc., Grupo Sura and Groncol, among many others, have understood the importance of their participation in achieving the ODS, through the implementation of Good Business Practices for Sustainable Development, becoming a benchmark for other companies in the region. Meanwhile, the case of the ONG INTEGRASINÚ clearly shows that, even when being small it can be possible to think big, in spite of their limitations, they have successfully implemented Good Business Practices for Sustainable Development in their production processes, achieving a differentiating factor that makes it more competitive compared to the other organizations in this sector.

The following monograph analyzes the distribution of the investments of the municipality of San Pelayo - Córdoba and the effectiveness of this chapter of spending on the provision of public goods in the period 2012 - 2015, reviewing the key points in economic functioning and Execution of plans and programs in key sectors such as infrastructure, transport, public services supply, technological innovation, housing, health, education and security. Reviewing public investment and the distribution of public resources, borrowing figures, public expenditure relationships and fiscal reviews carried out by municipal sectoral entities, in order to guarantee and evaluate the appropriate allocation of resources and fully realize the prioritized objectives from the national, departmental and municipal government, with the main objective of improving the living conditions of the population and contributing to the development of the human being and coverage of basic needs.