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The present bibliographic review allowed to analyze the challenges that companies have in the Fourth Industrial Revolution, through which it was possible to inquire about the economic, social and political context that this new technological era entails and how traditional companies can enter in this new digital context. For this, an exhaustive search of recent research related to the subject is made, in order to theoretically validate the aspects dealt with in the monograph, emphasizing the importance of new technologies and the optimization in production that it means for companies. the Revolution 4.0. Fundamental aspects of the large companies that have been successful in this new context of digitization and the aspects that must be followed by companies that want to solve the challenges that arise are analyzed. In addition, the relevance of marketing online is emphasized, but it is also important to maintain physical marketing or through traditional channels, that is, to have business digitization as an alternative or support for the industrial growth of companies.

La atención médica ha ido evolucionando con los años, pasando de una asistencia, enfocada en la enfermedad, a una atención dirigida al paciente. En la actualidad, las tecnologías de la Información y las comunicaciones se han combinado para dar como resultado la Telemedicina, a fin de brindar asistencia médica a quien la requiere en sitios distantes; la asistencia prestada a través de la telemedicina facilita la accesibilidad a los servicios sanitarios, el seguimiento de las enfermedades crónicas y la educación sanitaria del paciente en medicina preventiva y salud pública, lo anterior permite una mayor reducción de costes con contundentes mejoras en eficiencia y calidad de vida del paciente. El propósito de la presente monografía es realizar una descripción del estado de la telemedicina a nivel mundial y en Colombia, para darla a conocer con profundidad, desde su definición y diferencia con otras áreas similares como Telesalud, del mismo modo, se exponen sus objetivos, beneficios, limitaciones, las tecnologías involucradas, principios de desarrollo y aplicaciones médicas en telemedicina; además, se explican los casos de implementación de la telemedicina a nivel mundial como un modelo de negocio, y se evalúa el porvenir de la telemedicina en el área de la salud del país.

The purpose of this monograph was to analyze the teleworking modality as a work alternative in organizations in Colombia, after the health emergency caused by Covid-19 was overcome. For this, a process of compilation and analysis of documents and statistical figures was carried out, as well as a bibliographic review of the regulations related to the subject of study. The foregoing, allowed to determine that telework refers to the work activity that is carried out in a place other than the company, therefore it favors the flexibility of work, the improvement of well-being by not displacement, time management and strengthening of the social and family context. Also, that in Colombia this model is regulated by Law 1221 of 2008, which is regulated by Decree 884 of 2012. In addition, 300,000 teleworkers are registered in the country until 2019. Likewise, it was established that given the current pandemic, the national state of emergency and the productive and commercial restrictions due to the Covid-19 coronavirus throughout the territory, teleworking was implemented as a means to protect the economy of companies and contracts of the workers, however, this modality acquired the legal status of work at home. And that this measure generated an 80% growth in the number of employed under this modality. Similarly, it was specified that working at home produced that 55% of Colombian employees wanted after the public health crisis ended, to alternate work under this modality, which would imply that companies in Colombia adapt to the trend of the digital environment and of information and communication technologies.

In recent years, international trade in services has been seen as a growth opportunity for economies, since the technological evolution that society is witnessing allows an increasing number of services to be supplied electronically regardless of geographical distances; According to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) (2020), in the context of the digital age, international trade in services has shown immense potential to improve the well-being of economies at all levels of development, and today more services are becoming internationally marketable. Considering the above, the current monograph consists of the analysis of the evolution of the balance of services in Colombia during the period 2011-2020, to recognize the limitations, trends and opportunities that the country can take advantage of to increase its participation in trade world services. To comply with the proposal, the current panorama of international trade in services worldwide will be studied, the importance of this item for the economy, the behavior of exports and imports of services in the country and the sectors with the highest participation and growth during the mentioned period.

The TES are public debt securities issued by the national government and administered by the Banco de la República. The objective of the TES issue is to obtain financing for its activities. These are issues defined as fixed income and it is the Nation that will be responsible for paying the interest; taking into account the above, the main objective of this research is to analyze the behavior of TES in the Colombian capital market in the period from 2015 to 2017. Regarding the methodology, the type of research that was used to develop this project it is descriptive. For the effect of the analysis, qualitative techniques were used, establishing the data grouped in tables and proportional expressions called thanks, along with all this, the qualitative analysis of these tables is carried out, describing the results, which will serve as support in the analysis and conclusion of the investigation. Among the results, it was established throughout the three years studied, that there are multiple uncontrollable variables in the stock market, especially for issuers who are the ones who make their securities available to said market, which in some cases could generate a nominal value on the downside, on the upside and highly fluctuating depending on the financial operations of this market in order to offer positive and certain scenarios for such TES, since a good issuance of TES combined with a good policy of expansion of financial instruments will give An important management of the public debt in the country which will improve its rating and should give priority to its payment.

Trading has became in a fundamental form for getting into the bursátil market, technology in now available for everibody, the access to a world of finantial possibilities with AC, forex, options,etc. With the help of indicators analysis it is possible to create our personal marketing strategies. The main objetive of these paper is design an strategy based in the volatility analysis of the prices in order to determinate the buy options and sell options in the shares in The New York Stock Exchange from Avianca Holdings S.A. o Copa holding S.A. enterprises. Also, the relationship between the volatility and share prices behaviour in high volatility. Based an the results done with simulated graphics from ProRealTime, an excellent strategy ehit huge potential is obtained, but it is not perfect due to the simple intructions, but what all this the conclusion will be to study deep into the shares market and in the trading strategies. Key words: trading, stock market, shares, indicators, buy options, sell options.

In this document the reader will find the analysis related to the analysis of electronic currency trading through the Binance platform in Colombia. For the purposes of developing this document, objectives were formulated and chapters were raised in which each of the elements comprising the research development was systematically described as: trading in electronic currency, The dynamics of the electronic currency, investment in the stock exchange of the electronic currency and the presentation of a real case of the financial year in the platform Binance, to close this document conclusions were raised and the bibliography of research support was presented.

Worldwide companies or organizations have implemented new business strategies (with the help of technologies) that allow them to be more effective and efficient according to the demands of customers, suppliers and markets. In this way, digital transformation must be understood as the application of new technologies within each of the organizational pyramids, so that they can face the threats of global markets with greater strength. In this sense, this monograph work is aimed to analyze how digital transformation can create value 6 in Latin American SMEs from the analysis of texts and the consolidation of related information. For this, the broad description of the evolutionary process of information and communication technologies was taken into account. As well as the expertise in cases of SMEs that have already implemented this transformation (2009-2019), allowing explaining how digital transformation is a tool that creates value in Latin American SMEs.

This monograph exposes the subject of digital transformation, education and the changes that the education has had in the years from 2011 to 2021. Education can be defined as the training dedicated to the development of people's intellectual abilities, responding to their cultural, social and moral contexts. Digital transformation is understood as the application of digital resources and tools to make a process more efficient, changing and restructuring its methods through the adoption of technology and its tools. To analyze this problem it is necessary to mention its causes, one of them is the lack of educational coverage in the country, the technological illiteracy of the inhabitants and the public policies of the State in favor of a technological revolution. Exposing characteristics of how both issues influence today's society is of academic, intellectual and social interest since parameters of transformation and evolution are based on all fields of the human being. The pandemic will emerge greater challenges for education and the digital transformation, such as digital illiteracy to lack of motivation to learn. That is why pedagogy and digital transformation must interact, in a country like Colombia that seeks development and innovation, creating laws and public policies for the digital benefit of the citizen.

Con la realización de la presente monografía se busca caracterizar la importancia de la transformación digital y su implementación en el método Just In Time. De esta forma, la tecnología puede ser entendida como el conjunto de conocimientos que a través del tiempo la humanidad ha ido adquiriendo para sacar más provecho de todo lo que necesita para vivir. El caso de la transformación digital es una continuación de esto mismo, ya que la digitalización es un sinónimo de automatización basada en computación, por otro lado, la metodología justo a tiempo es una forma de gestión de inventarios qué consiste en que los elementos o partes utilizados en la cadena de montaje, o en la prestación de servicios, no son almacenados en bodegas propias de la fábrica en cuestión, sino que el elemento requerido es adquirido y recibido en el momento justo, de ahí su nombre justo a tiempo.

El siguiente trabajo está orientado a realizar la valoración de la empresa Central de Concreto S.A.S. la cual es una empresa del sector de la construcción, dedicada a la producción y comercialización de concreto premezclado, con una transcendencia de más de 6 años en el mercado, reconocida en la ciudad de Montería por la calidad de sus productos. Para el desarrollo de la valoración existen diferentes metodologías o procedimientos, sin embargo, para la elaboración del siguiente proyecto, se empleará el método de flujo de caja descontado, a través de la técnica de flujo de caja libre, donde se tendrán en cuenta proyecciones, el valor del dinero en el tiempo, las inversiones futuras, los riegos internos y externos, la situación patrimonial, el nivel de endeudamiento, entre otros aspectos.