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This scientific monograph was compiled using 41 scientific information documents as references to analyze the existing documentation about access barriers in outpatient care for HIV patients in the last 2 years. Through the complete development of the heuristic and hermeneutic phases it was found at the end of this analysis that the geographic, financial and administrative barriers in the care of HIV positive patients have been documented; Among the main barriers is the difficult access to health areas, exclusion of vulnerable population, difficulties with authorizations which would be related to the high costs of care, also the delay in appointments and medical tests for proper diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of their disease. In addition, there is evidence that there is a great variety of barriers perceived by patients, that can be considered of greater social and cultural impact that contribute to be bridges of discrimination in the community and their family environment preventing the success in the improvement of their quality of life, which leads to divergent feelings in the patients. Therefore, it is necessary to work on the prevention of infection by health professionals, raising awareness among the entire population to see the patient as a can develop in society, achieving healthy behavior changes and to limit barriers in medical services.

Introduction: Opportunities for visually impaired people are scarce and often do not have full enjoyment and enjoyment of their rights so it is necessary to identify the barriers, from their lived experiences. Objective: to characterize the barriers perceived by visually impaired people against the provision of health services in the city of Montería -Córdoba. Methodology: descriptive study with qualitative approach which makes it possible to approach social reality from non-quantitative data; as an information-gathering technique the semi-structured interview was used, until the level of information saturation was reached. The information obtained in the interviews was transcribed, narrative readings were made, content analysis was submitted, similarities and differences were grouped together, and eventually the formation of categories and subcategories was given. Results: The barriers perceived by visually impaired persons that are constituted in communicative, attitudinal and physical are evident. Changes in infrastructure, implementation of communication strategies and ongoing training of service personnel are relevant to their elimination. Conclusions: the research made it possible to understand the significance of the barriers faced by visually impaired persons in the provision of health services, revealing the lack of equity in health and care for that population, and also shows an unfavourable and unexplored situation, as well as the fundamental role of health workers in overcoming barriers.

El ingreso oportuno al control prenatal representa un aspecto muy importante para las gestantes ya que por medio de este se pueden detectar a tiempo posibles riesgos que puedan afectar la salud durante el embarazo, parto y puerperio. De acuerdo a la normatividad vigente el programa de control prenatal en Colombia se encuentra definido bajo la Resolución 3280 de 2018 donde establece que el ingreso de la gestante se debe realizar antes de la semana 10 de gestación, sin embargo, se evidencia que en las instituciones de salud la oportunidad de ingreso a este programa no se cumple en su totalidad. Por ende, el presente estudio monográfico pretende como objetivo general determinar la oportunidad en el ingreso al control prenatal durante el año 2019 de acuerdo a la normatividad vigente, mediante la compilación de la información pertinente que existe al respecto, para lograrlo se estudiaron 40 referencias bibliográficas entre ellos libros, estudios, artículos de revistas, tesis y trabajos de grados, donde se realizó una etapa de búsqueda de información, análisis o interpretación de los trabajos investigativos elaborados acerca de este tema, lo que permitió concluir que el ingreso al control prenatal en Colombia se ve afectado por diversos factores asociados a barreras socio económicas, bajo nivel de escolaridad, y falta de captación temprana por parte de las instituciones prestadoras de servicios de salud, los cuales influyen negativamente en el acceso al programa, debido a esta problemática se han implementado estrategias enfocadas en minimizar los riesgos de morbimortalidad materna y perinatal con el fin de medir, monitorear y evaluar el cumplimiento de este programa.