Montes Fuentes, GabrielHernández Martínez, Nedy Luz2020-07-082020-07-082020-07-07https://repositorio.unicordoba.edu.co/handle/ucordoba/3168The growth of a commercial strain of the Pleurotus ostreatus fungus in different substrate combinations was evaluated and in this way determine the treatment with the best efficiency and performance. The substrates evaluated were corn husk (Zea maiz), almond leaves and wood sawdust. The substrates were immersed in water with 20% sodium hypochlorite for 24 hours in 100 L tanks, subsequently, water was changed twice and 4 kg of quicklime was added for every 100 L of water. 1.0 Kilogram (Kg) of each of the substrates was prepared. The substrates were placed in transparent plastic bags with a capacity of 1.5 kg and seeded with 50 g of the prepared inoculum (5%). The substrates were incubated at 27 ° C and in total darkness, until the mycelium covered all the material. Mycelial growth, time of appearance of primordia, weight of carpophores, biological efficiency and yield were evaluated. In total, 1,792 grams were obtained in total, distributed as follows: 634 grams in treatment 1 (M-Corn 100%), 578 grams in treatment 2 (A- Sawdust 100%), 0 grams in treatment 3 (AL- Almond) 0 grams in treatment 4 (AL- A 50% Almond- 50% Sawdust) 580 grams in treatment 5 (MA 50% Maize- 50% Sawdust) and 0 grams in treatment 6 (AL-M 50% Almond- 50% Corn). In treatments 3, 4 and 6 the death of the mycelium was evidenced.RESUMENABSTRACTINTRODUCCIÓN .................................................................................................... 11. OBJETIVOS ........................................................................................................ 41.1. Objetivo General ........................................................................................... 41.2. Objetivos específicos .................................................................................... 42. MARCO TEÓRICO .............................................................................................. 52.1. Antecedentes ............................................................................................... 52.1.2. Situación del cultivo de Pleurotus ostreatus en latinoamerica. ............... 52.1.3. Situación del cultivo de Pleurotus ostreatus en Colombia. ..................... 72.2. Residuos Lignocelulósicos .......................................................................... 102.2.1 Almendro ............................................................................................... 112.2.2. Maíz ...................................................................................................... 142.3. Generalidades de los hongos...................................................................... 182.3.1. Ciclo reproductivo .................................................................................... 222.3.3.1. Estructura de los hongos .................................................................. 232.4. Clasificación de los hongos ......................................................................... 242.4.1. Chytridiomycota .................................................................................... 242.4.2. Zygomycota .......................................................................................... 252.4.3. Ascomycota .......................................................................................... 262.4.4. Basidiomycota....................................................................................... 282.5. Pleurotus ostreatus ..................................................................................... 342.5.1. Descripción taxonómica ........................................................................ 352.5.2. Descripción morfológica ........................................................................ 362.5.3. Ciclo de vida de Pleurotus ostreatus ..................................................... 382.5.4. Composición química ............................................................................ 392.5.5. Factores que influyen en el desarrollo de Pleurotus ostreatus.............. 413. METODOLOGÍA ................................................................................................ 443.1. Localización ............................................................................................... 443.2.2. Incubación ........................................................................................... 473.3. Analizar estadísticamente los datos experimentales obtenidos. ................. 493.3.1. Eficiencia biológica. ............................................................................. 493.4. Determinación del rendimiento de los sustratos utilizados en la producción de Pleurotus Ostreatus ...................................................................................... 503.4.1. Rendimiento. ......................................................................................... 503.5. Análisis estadístico ...................................................................................... 503.5.1. Diseño Experimental ............................................................................. 503.5.2. Tratamientos ......................................................................................... 514. RESULTADOS Y DISCUSIÓN .......................................................................... 524.1. Evaluación de la producción de la cepa comercial Pleurotus ostreatus cultivada en los diferentes sustratos ................................................................. 524.1.2. Cosecha ................................................................................................ 564.2. Determinación de la eficiencia biológica de los sustratos utilizados en la producción de Pleurotus Ostreatus .................................................................... 604.2.1. Eficiencia biológica. .............................................................................. 604.3. Determinación del rendimiento de los sustratos utilizados en la producción de Pleurotus Ostreatus ...................................................................................... 634.3.1 Rendimiento ........................................................................................... 635. CONCLUSIONES ........................................................................................... 676. RECOMENDACIONES ................................................................................... 687. BIBLIOGRAFÍA ............................................................................................... 70application/pdfspaCopyright Universidad de Córdoba, 2020Trabajo de grado - Pregradoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccessAtribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC 4.0)Pleurotus ostreatusSustratosDesechos agrícolasMicelioPleurotus ostreatusSubstratesAgricultural wasteArtisanal cultivation