Martínez Lara, Soraya YasquineCantero Benítez , MónicaRaciny Soto, Adriana Sofía2021-10-012021-10-012021-10-01https://repositorio.unicordoba.edu.co/handle/ucordoba/4600Within the processes of soil degradation it has been defined that salinization is one of the most important in the Colombian territory. To study this phenomenon, it was necessary to use hydrogeochemistry as a valuable tool to describe the variability of the composition of groundwater, allowing to simulate chemical reactions and transport processes. In the area deltaico-estuarine, we present the process of salinization and/or sodificación due to natural causes and poor agricultural techniques such as cutting, replacement of mangrove rice and excessive use of agrochemicals, therefore, in this research we evaluated the spatial-temporal dynamics of this process as a function of methods hidrogeoquímicos and statistical. From the information collected it was found that the waters are classified as sodium chlorinated and the dominant hydrogeochemical processes in the system are evaporation and ion exchange. Through statistical analyses it was deduced that chloride and sodium ions were strongly related. With the modeling of speciation and solubility, it was obtained that the main salt present in the area is MgSO4, followed by NaCl, since they presented the highest concentrations. In the salt isoconcentration maps, the central and southeast areas of the flood plain were the most affected by the salinity process, due to the higher concentration levels in that area. The mineralogical species that generate increased salinity due to being modeled as subsaturated phases are halite, epsomite, mirabilite, nahcolite and thenardite.RESUMEN.........................................................13ABSTRACT.........................................................141. INTRODUCCIÓN .........................................................152. OBJETIVOS.........................................................173. REVISIÓN BIBLIOGRÁFICA.........................................................184. ESTADO DEL ARTE.........................................................225. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS.........................................................255.1 LOCALIZACIÓN.........................................................255.2 MATERIALES.........................................................265.3 ASPECTOS METODOLÓGICOS.........................................................276 RESULTADOS Y DISCUSIÓN.........................................................366.1 CLASIFICACIÓN DE LAS AGUAS MEDIANTE ALEKIN.........................................................366.2 IDENTIFICACIÓN DE PROCESOS HIDROGEOQUÍMICOS.........................................................436.2.1 Diagrama de Gibbs.........................................................436.2.2 Diagramas binarios.........................................................476.3 ANÁLISIS ESPACIAL Y TEMPORAL A TRAVÉS DE DIAGRAMAS DE PIPER Y STIFF.........................................................506.4 ANÁLISIS ESTADÍSTICO.........................................................726.4.1 CAJAS Y BIGOTES.........................................................726.4.2 CORRELACIÓN DE SPEARMAN.........................................................756.4.3 ANÁLISIS DE COMPONENTES PRINCIPALES.........................................................776.4.4 ANÁLISIS DE CORRESPONDENCIAS MÚLTIPLES.........................................................806.5 MODELACIÓN HIDROGEOQUÍMICA.........................................................836.5.1 CALIBRACIÓN.........................................................836.5.2 MODELOS DE ESPECIACIÓN.........................................................866.5.3 ÍNDICES DE SATURACIÓN.........................................................1016.6 TÉCNICAS DE MANEJO DE SUELO.........................................................1037 CONCLUSIONES.........................................................1068 RECOMENDACIONES.........................................................1079 BIBLIOGRAFÍA.........................................................108ANEXOS.........................................................114ANEXO A- CONCENTRACIÓN DE LAS MUESTRAS DE AGUA FREÁTICA EN TODAS LAS UNIDADES GEOMORFOLÓGICAS.........................................................114ANEXO B- CORRELACIÓN DE SPEARMAN.........................................................117ANEXO C- RESULTADOS DE LA REGRESIÓN SIMPLE.........................................................118ANEXO D- ÍNDICES DE SATURACIÓN DE MINERALES.........................................................120application/pdfspaCopyright Universidad de Córdoba, 2021Trabajo de grado - Pregradoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccessAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)HidrogeoquímicaSalinidadDinámicaModelaciónHydrogeochemistrySalinityDynamicsModeling