Mejía Ávila, DorisSánchez López, Anyis Caterine2022-11-182022-11-182022-11-18https://repositorio.unicordoba.edu.co/handle/ucordoba/6833A study of the footprint left by gold mining was carried out through a multitemporal analysis of the upper and lower (middle) basin of the San Jorge River, located in the northernmost area, of the South American plate in the jurisdiction of the departments of Antioquia and Cordova. The evaluation period of the analysis was 10 years, between 2010 and 2020. The general objective of this research work was to identify the footprint left by open-pit gold mining in a sector of the San Jorge river basin for the period 2010 -2020, through the visual interpretation of medium and highresolution images. For which, different geoprocessing tools and cartographic processes were implemented such as photointerpretation, treatment and analysis of satellite images such as Rapid Eye, PlanetScope, Landsat 7 and Sentinel 2, using the Qgis and ArcMap software. This study determined that in the period 2010-2020 there was a mining footprint of 9.429,057 hectares (ha) in the area under study. The low-medium account of the San Jorge River was the most affected with 8451.55 hectares (ha), especially the sub-basin of the Ciénaga de Ayapel with an intervened area of 7197.81 ha, which implies that at least 18 % of its territory has been in contact with gold mining, highlighting the micro-basins; Monteadero, Escobilla, Trejos, Quebradona and Popales. On the other hand, this work shows that at a general level the period with the greatest growth dynamics was 2010-2015, on the contrary, the 2015-2020 period showed greater stability in the growth of the areas affected by said activity.LISTADO DE TABLAS..…………………………………………………………………………………ixLISTAS DE FIGURAS ……………………………………………………………………………………xRESUMEN………………………………………………………………………………………..………12ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………………………….............131. INTRODUCCION ………………………………………………………………………………...…142. OBJETIVOS …………………………………………………………………………………............152.1. OBJETIVO GENERAL……………………………………………………………………………152.2. OBJETIVOS ESPECÍFICOS…………………………………………………………………...…153. REVISIÓN BIBLIOGRÁFICA……………………………………………………………………..163.1. MARCO TEÓRICO………………………………………………………………………………..163.1.1. SISTEMA DE INFORMACIÓN GEOGRÁFICA (SIG)………………....……………………163.1.2. LA TELETENCIÓN Y LOS SENSORES REMOTO…………………….……….…………..163.1.3. RESOLUCIÓN………………………………………………………………………….……….163.1.4. IMÁGENES LANDSAT 7………………………………………….……………………………173.1.5. IMÁGENESSENTINEL-2 ……………………………………………………………….….....173.1.6. IMÁGENES 4-BAND PLANETSCOPE SCENE…………………………………………...….183.1.7. RAPIDEYE ORTHO TILE…………………………………………………………………...…183.1.8. ESTUDIOS MULTITEMPORALES ……………………………………………...………..….183.1.9. SOFTWARE COMPLEMENTARIO ………………………………………………...………..193.1.10. MINERÍA DE ORO………………………………………………………………………….......193.1.11. LA MINERÍA AURÍFERA ALUVIAL…………………………………………….…………...193.1.12. MINERÍA DE ORO EN CÓRDOBA………………………………………………………..….203.1.13. MINERÍA DE ORO EN ANTIOQUIA ……………………………………………..………….203.1.14. COBERTURA TERRESTRE…………………………………………………………………...203.1.15. METODOLOGÍA CORINE LAND COVER ……………………………………………….....204. ESTADO DEL ARTE ………………………………………………………………..……………...215. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS …………………………………………………………….………..235.1. AREA DE ESTUDIO……………………………………………………………………………….235.2. RECOLECCION DE INFORMACION SECUNDARIA………………………………………..245.3. SELECCIÓN DE PRODUCTOS CARTOGRAFICOS E IMÁGENES…………………….….255.4. INTERPRESTACION VISUAL DE LAS IMÁGENES Y DETERMINACION DE LAS ZONAS DE MINERIA DE ORO A CIELO ABIERTO…………………………………………………..265.5. CONSOLIDACION DE RESULTADOS………………………………………………………...275.5.1. CALCULO DE AREAS……………………………………………...………………....………..285.5.2. AREA TOTAL DE LA HUELLA MINERA DE ORO………………..……………..………285.5.3. AREAS NUEVAS……………..……………………………………………………..……..…….295.5.4. AREAS ABANDONADAS O INACTIVAS……………………..……………….……………..295.5.5. AREAS DE LAS ZONAS ACTIVAS……………………………………………...………….…305.5.6. MAPA BASE DE COBERTURA Y USO DE SUELO…………………………………………305.5.7. SECTORIZACION DE LA ZONA DE MINERIA ALUVIAL…………………..…………..305.5.8. ANALISIS DE LA DINAMICA DE LA HUELLA MINERA…………………….………..…306. RESULTADOS Y DISCUSIONES……......………...326.1.ÁREAS AFECTADAS POR MINERÍA DE ORO EN LA CUENCA ALTA Y MEDIA DEL RÍO SAN JORGE...…….…….....326.2.HUELLA DE LA MINERIA DE ORO A NIVEL DE CUENCA Y SUBCUENCA………..….346.3.DINÁMICA Y GRADO DE AFECTACIÓN DE LA CUENCA DEL RIO SAN JORGE……………………...……..…..356.3.1. CUENCA MEDIA DEL RIO SAN JORGE….............….366.3.2. CUENCA ALTA DEL RÍO SAN JORGE…..……………..627. CONCLUSIONES…………………………………………………………....798. RECOMENDACIONES…………………………………………..…809. BIBLIOGRAFÍA…….………………………………….…….81application/pdfspaCopyright Universidad de Córdoba, 2022Trabajo de grado - Pregradoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)PlanetScopeMinería de oroHuella mineraPlanetScopeGold miningMining footprint6. RESULTADOS Y DISCUSIONES……………………………………………………......………...32