Vergara Carvajal, Amir DavidPaternina Ramos, José Enrique2023-01-232023-01-232023-01-23https://repositorio.unicordoba.edu.co/handle/ucordoba/6929The cultivation and export of Cavendish bananas is one of the most traditional agricultural economic activities in Colombia. Originally established in the department of Magdalena, it expanded and strengthened in the Urabá region of Antioquia, destined for international markets. Export-type banana production represents sales for Colombia of US$700 million per year, 3% of total exports. Currently, in the Urabá area, performance evaluations are carried out in agronomic work in banana cultivation; techniques applied for greater control of their operators of each of the tasks that are carried out on farms. These performance evaluations and training give support to improve the quality of work carried out by operators, optimize the fruit and consequently, be more productive. The objective of this report was to show the follow-ups that were carried out, in cultural tasks such as bagging, tying, defoliation, protection, fertilization and stripping, and the continuous support that was given to the operational personnel, in which an improvement was achieved in the quality of the executions, thanks to constant feedback. In addition to that, the growth of the basal hand and the apical hand of the bunch was monitored by means of measurements, from the time the dismantling is carried out until the fruit is harvested, finding growth data of around 4.0" in the basal hand and 3.6” in the apical hand, on average in the Grupo Agrosiete farms. With these collected data, data such as the senescence rate of the leaves was also generated, which was approximately 0.5 leaves per week. It also shows the monitoring that was done to control the disease called Moko (Ralstonia solanacearum Race 2), where it was evidenced, thanks to the good monitoring that was done to the foci; a decrease in cases since February at the Altavista farm, and since January at the Altamar farm.RESUMEN................................................................................................................................................... 12ABSTRACT........................................................................................................................................ 13INTRODUCCIÓN ............................................................................................................................141. RESEÑA HISTÓRICA DE LA EMPRESA ........................................................................161.1 MISIÓN......................................................................................................................................... 171.2 VISIÓN...........................................................................................................................................172. OBJETIVOS............................................................................................................................... 182.1. OBJETIVO GENERAL.......................................................................................................................... 182.2. OBJETIVOS ESPECÍFICOS.............................................................................................................. 183. MARCO TEORICO.............................................................................................................. 193.1. HISTORIA, ORIGEN Y DISTRIBUCIÓN DEL BANANO .....................................................................193.2. CLASIFICACIÓN TAXONÓMICA DEL BANANO............................. 193.3. IMPORTANCIA ECONÓMICA DEL CULTIVO.......................................................... 203.3.1. Producción mundial y regional............................................................... 203.3.2. Producción en Colombia ..................................................................................203.4. ECOFISIOLOGÍA DEL CULTIVO DE BANANO......................................................................... 203.4.1. Clima........................................................................................................................... 203.4.2. Altitud y latitud ......................................................................................................................213.4.3. Requerimientos hídricos.............................................................................................................................. 213.4.4. Brillo solar.................................................................................................................................. 213.4.5. Humedad relativa................................................................................................................................ 213.4.6. Viento........................................................................................................................................... 223.4.7. Suelos................................................................................................................................................... 223.4.8. Nutrición.............................................................................................................................. 223.5. COMPOSICIÓN NUTRICIONAL.......................................................................................................................... 243.6. LABORES DEL CULTIVO ..........................................................................................................................243.6.1. Embolse e identificación de fruta .............................................................................................................243.6.2. Desmane ........................................................................................................253.6.3. Eliminación de dedos laterales o Desdede................................................................................................................. 253.6.4. Deshije o desmache..................................................................................................................................................... 263.6.5. Desflore................................................................................................................................................................... 263.4.6. Protección de manos.............................................. 263.4.7. Amarre................................................................... 273.4.8. Deshoje y protección ..............................................................................273.4.9. Control manual de Sigatoka................................................................................................................ 273.4.10. Protección de fruta............................................................................................................................ 284. ACTIVIDADES REALIZADAS .................................................................................294.1. Evaluación de Labores ......................................................................................294.1.1. Fertilización .................................................................................................294.1.2. Desmache o deshije ...........................................................................................304.1.3. Deshoje .......................................................304.1.4. Protección de fruta................................................................................ 304.1.5. Manejo integrado de Sigatoka.......................................................................... 314.1.6. Embolse................................................................................................................ 324.1.7. Amarre........................................................................................................... 324.1.8. Control cosecha ........................................................................324.2. EVALUACIÓN DE LA LONGITUD BASAL Y APICAL DEL RACIMO Y LA INFLUENCIA DE ALGUNOS FACTORES EN SU CRECIMIENTO Y DESARROLLO. .............................................................................334.2.1. Toma de datos en campo .............................................................................................................................................334.2.2. Toma de datos en barcadilla ...............................................................................................................................................364.2.3. Análisis de los datos recolectados.................................................................................................................................... 404.3. AUDITORÍAS EN FINCAS EN LA LABOR DE EMBOLSE E IDENTIFICACIÓN DE FRUTA .............454.4. SUPERVISIÓN Y SEGUIMIENTO EN ÁREAS AFECTADAS POR MOKO (Ralstonia solanacearum Raza 2) .............454.5. UTILIZACIÓN DE BASE DE DATOS (SIOMA) COMO BASE PARA UNA AGRICULTURA DE PRECISIÓN............... 475. CONCLUSIONES .............................................................................................................506. RECOMENDACIONES.......................................................................................................... 51ANEXOS...................................................................................................................................... 57application/pdfspaCopyright Universidad de Córdoba, 2023Trabajo de grado - Pregradoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)LaboresCrecimientoSeguimientoSiomaLaborsGrowthMonitoringSioma