Cabrales Herrera, Eliecer MiguelÁlvarez Pérez, Marlon2022-11-292022-11-292022-11-28https://repositorio.unicordoba.edu.co/handle/ucordoba/6866The banana crop requires many agronomic practices to ensure the good quality of the fruit and thus meet the quality standards required abroad. The objective of the business practice was to evaluate and monitor the agronomic tasks carried out in the cultivation of bananas (Musa AAA). The follow up was carried out in the company Agropecuaria Grupo 20 S.A in the municipality of Apartadó - Antioquia. A series of activities were carried out that consisted of the supervision of the different agronomic tasks. In the results obtained from the protection of the fruit, shortcomings were found in terms of defoliation, bunch deviation, spur deviation, deflowering, among others. In the case of the cochineal evaluation, it was found that, of the 25 lots on the farm, two presented medium indices of the plague, while in the rest of the lots they presented low levels; In addition, it was obtained from the waste analysis that the most frequent problems are bag scars, scars due to mishandling, old gurbia cuts, short fingers, deformed fingers, lateral fingers, maturity spot, pacha, pegueta, comb. In conclusion, it can be said that in the Santa Marta Fabio farm, there has been an improvement in terms of the execution of tasks, production, and handling of the harvested fruit, obtaining a good quality and high productivity of the fruitINTRODUCCIÓN ................................................................................................................. 11. RESEÑA HISTÓRICA DE LA EMPRESA ................................................................ 31.1. MISIÓN ...................................................................................................................... 31.2. VISIÓN ....................................................................................................................... 31.3. POLÍTICAS DE DESARROLLO ............................................................................ 42. OBJETIVOS .................................................................................................................. 52.1. OBJETIVO GENERAL ............................................................................................ 52.2. OBJETIVOS ESPECIFICOS .................................................................................. 53. MARCO TEORICO ...................................................................................................... 63.1. ORIGEN DEL BANANO.......................................................................................... 63.2. EL CULTIVO DE BANANO .................................................................................... 63.3. CLASIFICACIÓN TAXONOMIA DEL BANANO.................................................. 93.4. CARACTERISTICAS MORFOLÓGICAS DEL CULTIVO DE BANANO ....... 103.5. REQUERIMIENTOS EDAFOCLIMÁTICOS DEL BANANO ........................ 113.6. LABORES CULTURALES EN EL CULTIVO.................................................. 123.6.1. Desmache o deshije. ...................................................................................... 123.6.2. Desguasque. .................................................................................................... 133.6.3. Control de malezas. ........................................................................................ 143.6.4. Mantenimiento de drenajes. .......................................................................... 143.7. LABORES DE PROTECCIÓN DE FRUTA ........................................................ 153.7.1. Desvió de puyones. ........................................................................................ 153.7.2. Deshoje............................................................................................................. 153.7.3. Amarre de plantas........................................................................................... 153.7.4. Sistema de amarre con cuerda de polipropileno. ...................................... 153.7.5. Embolse. ........................................................................................................... 153.7.6: Desflore. ........................................................................................................... 163.7.7. Desmane. ......................................................................................................... 163.7.8. Desbacote. ....................................................................................................... 173.7.9. Desdede. .......................................................................................................... 173.7.10. Protectores o yumbolón. .............................................................................. 173.8. PRINCIPALES PLAGAS DEL BANANO ............................................................ 173.8.1. Cochinilla harinosa (Pseudococcus sp). ..................................................... 173.8.2. Colaspis (Colaspis sp.). ..................................................................................... 173.8.3. Arañita roja (Tetranichus curpicaes). ........................................................... 173.8.4. Picudo negro del banano (Cosmopolites sordidus)................................... 183.9. PRINCIPALES ENFERMEDADES EN EL CULTIVO ...................................... 183.9.1. Sigatoka negra (Pseudocercospora fijiensis). ............................................ 183.9.2. Moko o Madura biche (Ralstonia solanacearum E. F.)............................. 183.9.3. Mal de panamá (Fusarium oxysporum)....................................................... 193.9.4. Pudrición acuosa del pseudotallo o bacteriosis (Dickeya chrysanthemi)........................................................................................................................................ 194. ACTIVIDADES DESARROLLADAS .......................................................................... 204.1. EVALUACIONES DE PROTECCIÓN DE FRUTA............................................ 204.1.1 Embolse. ............................................................................................................ 204.1.2. Desflore. ........................................................................................................... 214.1.3. Desdede. .......................................................................................................... 224.1.4. Desmane y desbacote.................................................................................... 234.1.5. Ortodoncia bananera. ..................................................................................... 234.1.6. Colocación de protector de racimo (Yumbolón – Guantelete)................. 244.1.7. Amarre. ............................................................................................................. 254.1.8. Deshoje............................................................................................................. 264.1.9. Desguasque. .................................................................................................... 274.2. MONITOREO DE PLAGAS .................................................................................. 274.3. EVALUACION DE COSECHA ............................................................................. 284.4. ANÁLISIS DE MERMA O DESPERDICIO DE LA FRUTA.............................. 295. CONCLUSIONES ......................................................................................................... 336. RECOMENDACIONES ................................................................................................ 34REFERENCIAS ................................................................................................................. 35ANEXOS ............................................................................................................................. 38application/pdfspaCopyright Universidad de Córdoba, 2022Trabajo de grado - Pregradoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)Cultivo de bananoEvaluación de laboresProtecciónCosechaBanana cropLabor protectionProtectionHarvest