Herrera, CandelariaGuerrero Lacharme, María Alejandra2022-11-202022-11-202022-11-19https://repositorio.unicordoba.edu.co/handle/ucordoba/6837Hydrocarbons are essential for the world we know today, since this resource is essential for the generation of electricity, additionally it is a raw material of the first order, which is needed to produce a diversity of substances and materials without which the world would not work as it does in modernity (IGME and ACIEP, 2016). All countries have specific legislation to regulate the extraction, refining, transportation and use of hydrocarbons, since despite the still marked energy dependency on this fossil material, countries are currently building alternatives to move to cleaner energy matrices and less contaminants. The objective of this paper is to analyze the environmental impacts caused by the hydrocarbon spill in the Caribbean Sea, through a retrospective review of accidents that occurred during the first two decades of the 21st century, establishing relationships between these events and non-compliance with the MARPOL International Convention. The document discusses the most important aspects in the process of transporting hydrocarbons through ships, current regulations and the behavior of the protocols provided for in specific cases of hydrocarbon spills in the Caribbean Sea. The social and environmental impacts are significant, and in many cases avoidable, therefore it is expected that the greater the compliance with the protocols, the lower the risk of accidents.RESUMEN xiABSTRACT xii1. INTRODUCCIÓN 132. OBJETIVOS 152.1. OBJETIVO GENERAL 152.2. OBJETIVOS ESPECÍFICOS 153. METODOLOGÍA 163.1. TIPO DE ESTUDIO 163.2. MÉTODO DE INVESTIGACIÓN 163.3. DIEÑO METODOLÓGICO 174. MARCO TEÓRICO 204.1. HIDROCARBUROS 204.1.1. Uso del petróleo 224.1.2. Industria del petróleo 254.2. DERRAMES DE HIDROCARBUROS EN EL CARIBE ASOCIADOS AL TRANSPORTE EN BUQUES DURANTE LAS PRIMERAS DÉCADAS DEL S. XXI EN RELACIÓN A INCUMPLIMIENTOS DEL CONVENIO MARPOL 314.2.1. Convenio MARPOL 314.2.2. Buque tanque y su clasificación 344.2.3. Derrames de hidrocarburos en el mar Caribe colombiano procedentes de buques petroleros 385. IMPACTOS AMBIENTALES POR DERRAMES DE HIDROCARBUROS EN EL MAR CARIBE 445.1.1. Impacto ambiental por derrames de hidrocarburos en el mar. 445.1.2. Derrames de petróleo provenientes de buques en el Caribe 495.2. BREVES RECOMENDACIONES PARA LA PREVENCIÓN DE DERRAMES DE HIDIRCARBURO PROCEENTES DE BUQUES EN EL CARIBE 516. CONCLUSIONES 53application/pdfspaCopyright Universidad de Córdoba, 2022Trabajo de grado - Pregradoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)Transporte de hidrocarburos en buquesImpactos ambientalesConvenio MARPOLHidrocarburosTransport of hydrocarbons in shipsEnvironmental impactsMARPOL convention