Resumen en inglés

The objective of this research work was to characterize the composition and physicochemical parameters of the lipid fraction of three sunflower hybrids (Helianthus annuus, L) under agroclimatic conditions in the municipality of Monteria Córdoba, Colombia. For this, the three hybrids were cultivated in the agricultural fields of the University of Córdoba subjected to three treatments and a control, as follows: T1: control, T2: chemical fertilization, T3: earthworm humus (100%), and T4: chemical fertilization. (50%) + Earthworm humus (50%). 120 days after cultivation, the seeds were collected for treatment in the laboratory, where oil extraction was carried out using the soxhlet method, the yield of crude oil, the lipid profile, and the physicochemical parameters (moisture, density, acid number, peroxides and saponification). Among the main results, the high yield of the three sunflower hybrids stands out, specifically in Esbela and Verónica, this was higher in the control treatment (41.63±2.68 and 38.43±2.61%, respectively) (p0.05). In the lipid profile, the percentage of unsaturated FA was numerically higher in T1 (7.32%), T4 (5.73%) and T3-T4 (5.39-5.27%) in the hybrids Verónica, Esbela and Shakira, respectively (p<0,05), represented in greater proportion by linoleic and oleic acid in all treatments in the three varieties, noting a slight decrease in Shakira. Regarding the quality of the oil, the parameters of humidity (0.015 to 0.05%), density (0.91 to 0.96 g/mL), acidity index (0.28 to 1.43 mg KOH/g), peroxides (9.6 to 12.6 meq O2/Kg) and saponification (191.03 to 203.28 mg KOH/g), were found within the normal ranges reported for vegetable oils. In conclusion, the oils of the Esbela, Verónica and Shakira hybrids grown in different types of fertilizers, have the characteristics and quality parameters for their production and use in the Cordoba region, even without the need for the application of chemical or organic fertilizers.