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La corrosión surgida en los cordones de soldadura y material base cercano a estos se da por el cambio o transformación de la microestructura del material base, obteniendo fases más reactivas a la corrosión o fases que interactúan entre ellas provocando que la degradación del material se acelere. En la presente monografía se estudió el efecto de la corrosión en las propiedades mecánicas de juntas soldadas de acero de alta resistencia y baja aleación. Se recolectaron datos de diferentes investigaciones en las cuales se evidencio que la soldadura al arco de los aceros de baja aleación y alta resistencia (ARBA) provoca cambios en las propiedades mecánicas de estos. De igual manera se recolectó información de autores que estudiaron la correlación entre el proceso de soldadura y la corrosión en las juntas expuestas a ciclos térmicos y determinaron que existían cambios en las propiedades mecánicas tanto de material base, de la zona afectada por el calor y el material de aporte. Existe una relación estrecha entre la soldadura, el cambio en la microestructura del material debido a este proceso, la corrosión debido a la aparición de nuevas fases o disminución de estas, el cambio en el tamaño de grano de la región cercana al cordón de soldadura y la disminución de las propiedades mecánicas del material base.

The arc welding processes generate microstructural changes in the welded metals due to the contributions of heat, this leads to changes in the mechanical properties. In this monograph we sought to study the effect generated by these processes on the mechanical properties and microstructure of the joints, and to correlate this effect as an indicator of the weldability of these materials. Different investigations were analyzed in which the influence of various arc welding processes was observed, changing multiple parameters of the processes, as well as the heat inputs generated during welding on different high strength and low alloy steels (HSLA). According to the analysis carried out, it was found that there is a correlation between the type of microstructure and the mechanical properties and these depend directly on the heat input to which the material is subjected during the welding process. It was also possible to determine that the little variation in mechanical properties and microstructure are a clear indicator of the good weldability of these steels.

In this monograph was studied the effect caused in the microstructure and corrosion resistance by the heat input generated in the welding process in high strength and low alloy steels, a review which some samples of HSLA steels were welded or failing that, a heat treatment was applied in those was done in order to perform microscopy, lineal polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and some others corrosion techniques to study the electrochemical behaviour of the samples. According to results that different author have achieved was concluded that the corrosion resistance of weld joints depend on microstructural heterogeneity product of heat input in the weld process, so in conclusion, the corrosive attacks are highly possible to be concentrated in microstructures which has no homogeneity in its phases, usually the HAZ is zone who present the most microstructural variation in comparison with others